OPEN SPACE ELEMENT
THOUSAND OAKS GENERAL PLAN
OPEN SPACE ELEMENT
of the
THOUSAND OAKS GENERAL PLAN
City of Thousand Oaks
Department of Community Development
2100 Thousand Oaks Boulevard
Thousand Oaks CA 91362
( 805) 449- 2323
Adopted July 2, 1996
This document is a comprehensive revision of the Open Space Element of the Thousand Oaks
General Plan, as originally adopted in 1972 and as amended to date.
January 2000, Edition
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
2000 Edition
Page 3
The January, 2000, edition includes the addition of a new Chapter 7, consisting of text added to
the Element by Ordinance 1328- NS, the 1998 City Council Sponsored Initiative - Measure P,
adopted by the electorate November 3, 1998.
This document is printed on recycled paper.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
2000 Edition
CITY OF THOUSAND OAKS
City Council
Mayor Andrew P. Fox
Mayor Pro- Tem Judy Lazar
Councilmember Elois Zeanah
Councilmember Jaime Zukowski
Councilmember Michael Markey
Planning Commission
Forrest Frields, Chair
John S. Powers, Vice- Chair
Marilyn S. Carpenter
Linda P. Parks
Ronald S. Polanski
General Plan Review Committee
Councilmember Elois Zeanah, Chair
Mayor Pro- Tem Judy Lazar
Planning Commissioner Marilyn Carpenter
Planning Commissioner Linda Parks
Cathy Schutz, Traffic and Transportation Advisory Committee
Robert Bond, Tree and Landscape Advisory Board
Carrol McDonald, Public Participant
City of Thousand Oaks Staff
Grant R. Brimhall, City Manager
MaryJane V. Lazz, Assistant City Manager
Philip E. Gatch, Director of Planning and Community Development
John C. Prescott, Advance Planning Division Manager
Lawrence Marquart, Senior Planner
Gregory P. Smith, Senior Planner
Richard A. Burgess, Associate Planner
Mark A. Towne, Associate Planner/ COSCA
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
2000 Edition
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter Page
Preface 1
1 Introduction 2
2 Benefits of Open Space 7
3 Open Space Issues and Policies 10
A. Open Space for Preservation of Natural Resources 10
B. Open Space for the Managed Production of Resources 11
C. Open Space for Outdoor Recreation 12
D. Open Space for Public Health and Safety 13
E. Open Space and Urban Form 14
F. Open Space Preservation and Stewardship 16
G. Open Space Management 19
4 The Open Space System 21
A. Delineation of the Open Space System 21
B. Open Space Inventory 23
C. Areas With Important Open Space Resources 37
5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 44
A. Open Space Zoning Ordinance 44
B. Implementation of Open Space Element Policies 46
6 Financial Plan to Acquire and Manage Open Space 56
7 Thousand Oaks Urban Restriction Boundary 60
Appendix A State Statutes Pertaining to the Open Space Element
Appendix B COSCA Open Space Property Evaluation Criteria
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Preface 2000 Edition
Page 1
PREFACE
The Thousand Oaks Planning Area encompasses the distinctive and picturesque City of
Thousand Oaks, a community nestled in the Conejo Valley, a small coastal valley in the foothills
at the northwest end of the Santa Monica Mountains. Thousand Oaks is surrounded by
mountains, traversed by creeks and dotted with knolls, hillsides, oak woodlands, and native
grasslands. This environment supports diverse wildlife and vegetation habitats, including large
mammals, as well as rare and endangered species unique to the local area. In addition, these
natural open spaces provide important linkages with the surrounding geography. A
comprehensive open space plan is needed to assure the conservation of these vital resources, to
protect the integrity of the natural ecosystem, to preserve the natural beauty of the community's
natural open space, and to enhance the City's visual character, which also provides a significant
economic resource.
Official Citizen Attitude Surveys, conducted regularly since 1968, have shown that residents
consistently rank open space as the City's foremost asset, and that citizens clearly and
overwhelmingly want open space to be preserved in perpetuity.
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Chapter 1 Introduction 2000 Edition
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
State law mandates that cities and counties adopt an Open Space Element and a specific Action
Plan to implement the City's goals to preserve open space for the health, safety and welfare of
the public. Open space preservation is necessary to maintain the economy of the state, to
assure the continued availability of agricultural and mineral resources, for the enjoyment of
scenic beauty, and the use and conservation of natural resources and recreational opportunities.
The State Legislature in 1970 realized that rapid growth in the state would put extreme
development pressures on cities and counties, and acknowledged that resource conservation
must be an active part of a City's General Plan to direct growth away from sensitive ecological
areas.
The Open Space Element is a tool to carry forth the Thousand Oaks vision to protect open
space, direct growth and maintain the community's character and enviable quality of life. This
Element identifies the open space resources that should be protected and specific methods to
protect them.
Some open space areas containing resources such as wetlands, trails, scenic vistas, large animal
habitat, and oak groves have become lost to development. Preservation of designated open
space areas will require stronger controls and a concerted effort to protect them in perpetuity.
Only through consistent implementation of a comprehensive Open Space Element, supported by
ordinances and other protective measures, can its preservation for future generations of Conejo
Valley residents be assured.
Under State law, local government cannot issue any building permit, or approve any subdivision
map unless the proposed construction or subdivision is consistent with the local government's
Open Space action program.
This Element satisfies a State planning law requirement calling for an Open Space Element in all
county and city general plans. Sections 65560, 65561, and 65562 of the California Government
Code are provided in Appendix A.
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Purpose of the Open Space Element
The purpose of the Open Space Element is to state the local planning policies for the use of
unimproved land or water for: ( 1) the preservation of natural resources, ( 2) the managed
production of resources, ( 3) outdoor recreation, and ( 4) the enhancement of public health and
safety. By law, the Open Space Element must also include an inventory of those lands and
resources, as well as an " action program." This program must contain specific techniques to
protect from development both public and private open space lands which are identified as
prominent and necessary to achieve the open space policy goals.
Definitions and Terminology
State law defines " open space land" as any parcel or area of land or water which is essentially
unimproved and devoted to an open space use. ( See Section 65560( b) of the California
Government Code in Appendix A for the State's complete definition of open space).
1. Open Space
Consistent with this intent, the term " open space" shall mean any area designated by the City to
preserve the City's natural resources and open space character. Such lands include scenic
ridgelines and steeply sloping hillside terrain, arroyos and barrancas, lakes, creeks, riparian
vegetation, floodplains, ecologically diverse native plant and animal communities that include
rare and endangered species, critical habitat linkages and movement corridors that are necessary
for the local and regional linkages and movement corridors important to the dispersal of wildlife
populations, farming and grazing, historic and archaeological resources, and passive recreation
areas.
Within the local government context, Section 9- 13.102( b) of the City's Municipal Code defines
City- owned " open space." The following definition, which is hereby incorporated in the Open
Space Element as a definition of open space, is patterned after the Municipal Code's definition
cited above.
" Open space" land shall mean land which has been designated for the
preservation of the surface of that land in essentially an open, natural, and
undeveloped state. Open space may contain limited improvements and uses
which are compatible and consistent with open space use.
For purposes of applying the policies and implementation programs of this
Element, specific land is considered to be " open space" if any one or more or the
following apply:
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Chapter 1 Introduction 2000 Edition
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( 1) The deed, recorded tract map, or other instrument transferring
the property designates the property as open space, or some document
appurtenant to the transfer stipulates that the purpose of the transfer is to
maintain the property as open space;
( 2) The City Council declares by resolution that the property is open
space. Said resolution may be adopted before, concurrent with, or after the
acquisition of the property by a public agency;
( 3) The City Council has placed the property in the Open Space ( OS)
Zone, as defined by Article 36 of Chapter 4 of this Title.
Open space is considered a permanent classification which is intended to continue as such in
perpetuity without fundamental change. Policy OS- 19 herein provides limitations on changes to
open space.
2. Open Space Element
This section of the City's General Plan is the " Open Space Element." Like other parts of the
General Plan, it articulates the City's policies and programs regarding its long- term physical
development, in this case pertaining to the topic of open space. State law requires all cities to
have General Plans, with specific " elements" to address topics such as land use, circulation,
housing, open space, conservation, safety and noise. Cities may include other elements in their
General Plans to address other important local topics related to the long- term physical
development of the community.
3. Open Space Zone
The Open Space ( OS) Zone is a specific City zoning district. Like other City zones ( e. g. R- 1,
R- P- D, C- 2, M- 1), it is defined by a specific Article in the Zoning Ordinance of the Municipal
Code, which sets forth regulations regarding permitted uses and development standards for
properties located within the zone. Property located within this zone is " zoned Open Space."
Properties can be placed in the OS Zone through a zone change, which requires City Council
adoption of an ordinance following a public hearing, and consideration and recommendation by
the Planning Commission.
4. Open Space Zoning Ordinance
This is a specific term used in the State law. All cities and counties are required to adopt an
" open space zoning ordinance consistent with the [ Open Space Element]." As described in
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Chapter 1 Introduction 2000 Edition
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Chapter 5, the City's open space zoning ordinance includes the OS Zone, and other regulations
which require the preservation of open space in land development ( Hillside Planned
Development Zone), protect ridgelines ( Protected Ridgeline Overlay Zone), and establish
procedural requirements relative to City- owned open space.
5. Open Space System
The open space system is land within the City's Planning Area, comprised of both existing and
future natural open space lands and lands which are improved for outdoor recreation purposes,
including parks and golf courses. The improvements consist primarily of introduced
landscaping for recreational use, with limited structural coverage of the land. Figure 3 depicts
the open space system.
Care must be taken not to confuse undeveloped property ( whether privately- or publicly- held)
with open space. Designations of the Land Use Element of the General Plan and zoning for
such property may permit development at some subsequent point in time.
The open space system presently includes about 13,100 acres of natural open space and 1,500
acres of active open space ( e. g., parks and golf courses). Another 1,300 acres of open space
are expected to be added to the system in the future. At buildout of the General plan, the open
space system will comprise about 41% of the Planning Area's total acreage.
Relationship of the Open Space Element to other General Plan Elements
A General Plan must be internally consistent, meaning that none of its parts ( principally the
various elements) should conflict with any other part. Each Element must have equal status
with other elements, and the policies and measures designed to implement one or more
elements must mutually support those of the other elements in achieving the overall goals and
policies of the General Plan. For example:
While the Land Use Element describes the City's desired character and size, the Open Space
Element describes natural resources that should be protected within and around the City. The
Recreation Element's main purpose is to plan for indoor and outdoor recreational facilities ( such
as parks, playfields, and community centers). The Open Space Element's main goal is to
protect resources such as wildlife habitat, scenic, and agricultural land, with a secondary goal of
providing recreation where it will not harm the environment or interfere with agricultural
operations. Significant open space and ecological resources should be appropriately designated
in the Land Use Element, to facilitate compliance with the policies identified in the Open Space
Element.
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The following text is included within the Open Space Element of the General Plan, as required
by Ordinance 1265- NS, adopted by the City Council on June 18, 1996. The term “ Land Use
Map” refers to the Land Use Element map of the General Plan. “ Parks, Golf courses, and Open
Space” is a land use category in that Element.
The “ Parks, Golf Courses, Open Space” category ( not to be reconsidered until
after the Year 2030) identifies those lands that are designated for Parks, Golf
Courses, Open Space on the Land Use Map.
The target date of 2030 associated with the Parks, Golf Courses, Open Space
designation indicates a review date after which “ Parks, Golf Courses, Open
Space” designated lands may be reconsidered for urban uses. However, during
the life of this plan as amended by initiative, it is intended that only parks, golf
courses, open space uses are permitted on these lands. Furthermore, any
updates to this Plan are not intended to imply that development would
necessarily be appropriate at that time.
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Chapter 2 Benefits of Open Space 2000 Edition
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CHAPTER 2
BENEFITS OF OPEN SPACE
Vast open space areas serve a variety of critical functions in maintaining the balance of nature
and the well- being of man, not the least of which are serving as habitat for wildlife, preventing
soil erosion, maintaining air quality, controlling water runoff, serving as the subject for art and
educational study, and providing opportunities for hiking, fishing, biking, horseback riding, and
bird watching. Open space also plays an invaluable role in community development by
delineating the urban edge where development ends and open space begins, thus preventing the
sprawl of urbanization.
Wildlife Preserving wildlife resources requires preserving land in open space because
any form of wildlife must have a habitat. Loss or alteration of habitat is a
major cause of various forms of extinction.
Another critical function of open space is to provide wildlife movement
corridors. Movement corridors are habitat linkages utilized by wildlife species
to gain access to preferred foraging, water sources, nesting, and breeding
areas. In order to maintain their populations in a healthy condition, animals
must have access to these critical areas. In the Conejo Valley, these corridors
also function as important access routes around developed areas to
undeveloped parcels.
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Vegetation Plant and vegetative resources should be carefully conserved because of their
importance for wildlife habitat, for watershed protection, for climate
moderation, for erosion control, and for their scenic beauty. Open space
affords permanent protection to biologically diverse native plant communities
including rare and endangered species. Vegetation prevents erosion and
flooding which, in turn, enhances both the quality and quantity of groundwater
and surface water resources. It also improves and maintains air quality within
the surrounding community by producing oxygen and filtering air pollution.
More direct benefits of preservation of plant resources include the
development of valuable medicines ( some of which have been derived from
rare plants) and improved agricultural productivity ( resulting from successful
cross- breeding of wild and domestic plants).
Archaeology Knowledge of the past is a part of everyone's basic heritage. Open space in
Thousand Oaks preserves archaeological and historic resources including
significant prehistoric inland Chumash archaeological sites and historic
structures. Safeguarding such resources links the community with its history.
Education Open space is a valuable educational tool. Certain states, such as California,
require environmental education as a component of elementary school
curriculum. Scientific research, including biological studies of habitats and
species diversity, provides invaluable knowledge.
Trails While modern society offers many types of recreation which can occur
outdoors, open space provides an important type of recreation for residents
who seek quiet solitude and the beauty of nature.
Scenic
Resources
The city of Thousand Oaks is rich in its scenic beauty. Open space is essential
to preserve the spaciousness and attractiveness of the Conejo Valley. The
scenic qualities of the Conejo Valley give our City its unique natural attributes.
These are acknowledged and incorporated throughout the General Plan
elements and in ordinances to protect and enhance the area's scenic qualities
which contribute significantly to our quality of life.
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Wetlands
and Riparian
Lands
Wetlands and the riparian lands which border them are one of the most
biologically productive habitats. They provide important breeding grounds for
waterfowl and are an essential water source for wildlife. In addition to
valuable habitat, these lands protect water quality by reducing runoff, allow
groundwater recharge, and help control flooding. Loss of over 90% of
Southern California's wetlands has dramatically reduced the natural ability of
water bodies to filter impurities and has been a major factor in the decline of
water quality.
Orderly
Growth and
Maintenance
of the
Economy
By directing where urban development should occur, Thousand Oaks is also
defining areas that should remain as open space. Preservation of historic,
scenic, social, cultural, and hazardous areas in permanent open space provides
for the well- being of the community. Areas which are to remain in open space
include major ridgelines, steeply sloping hillside terrain, oak groves, sensitive
ecological systems, major barrancas and watercourses. Additionally, one of
the goals of the General Plan calls for the completion of a ring of open space
surrounding the City. The benefits of excluding development from these
identified areas of open space creates a more livable City and maintains the
beauty of the Conejo Valley.
In recent years, cities experiencing the strongest economic growth are those
judged to be most livable, a definition that includes environmental quality and
open space.
Public
Health and
Safety
An important function of open space is land which is set aside as a buffer to
separate people and buildings from intermittent or persistent hazards which
could cause injury, damage, or death. Such lands also have potential for other
uses. Lands along fault lines, for instance, can be retained in their natural
condition as wildlife corridors; lands within pipeline rights of way can be used
as trail easements; flood control facilities may be suitable for use as natural
open space or recreation. For an in- depth discussion of these areas, please
refer to the Safety Element of the General Plan.
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Chapter 3 Open Space Issues and Policies 2000 Edition
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CHAPTER 3
OPEN SPACE ISSUES AND POLICIES
This chapter addresses important issues related to the required topics of an Open Space
Element, as well as important local open space issues.
A. Open Space for Preservation of Natural Resources
One of the guiding principles of the General Plan, specifically amplified in the Open Space and
Conservation Elements, is to accommodate urban development within the Planning Area in
such a way that valuable and important natural resources are preserved.
The location and extent of specific natural resources of importance to the community are
identified in the Conservation Element, along with applicable policies and implementation
measures pertaining to each. These resources include streams and creeks, wetlands and riparian
habitat, wildlife corridors and key habitat areas, significant biological resources, such as oak
woodland, rare and endangered species, cultural and historic resources, certain topographic
features such as steeply sloping land and ridgelines, and scenic resources.
Where the Conservation Element identifies resources of particular importance and sensitivity
requiring the preservation of an area in an essentially undisturbed state to successfully conserve
the resources, then incorporation into the open space system is recommended.
Policy
OS- 1 Open space shall include those areas which are identified by the Conservation
Element as necessary to preserve in an essentially undisturbed state, except for
restoration and enhancement activities which may be desirable to improve the
site's resource value, for purposes of natural resource protection.
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B. Open Space Used for the Managed Production of Resources
The Thousand Oaks Planning Area contains very limited areas where natural resources of
economic or other significance are suitable for extraction or harvesting purposes. Examples of
such resources within a state- wide context include timber, agricultural lands important for the
production of food and fiber, groundwater recharge areas, commercial fisheries, mineral
deposits, oil and gas reserves and sand and gravel deposits. There are presently no locations
within the Planning Area where such resources are produced in an economically viable way.
Because of soil conditions and other factors, the Planning Area is not particularly suited to
large- scale agricultural operations which could be characterized as the production of food and
fiber. The City has, however, established two agricultural preserves within the Planning Area,
comprising a total of 298 acres, and entered corresponding Land Conservation Act ( LCA)
contracts, upon request of the property owners. These sites are both classified as nonprime
agricultural land. The LCA contracts provide property tax benefits to the owners, in exchange
for their agreement to keep the property in agricultural use or open space for a 10- year period.
The term of such contracts automatically renews each year for an additional year, so that there
is always a 10- year term.
At the landowner's option, however, the automatic extensions can be stopped by filing a " notice
of non- renewal." In such cases, the contract expires ten years from that date, and the land may
then be used for other purposes consistent with local plans and regulations. Land subject to
these restrictions is considered " transitional" open space, because the restrictions imposed by
the Contracts are temporary.
While there is no need to set aside open space within the Planning Area for the production of
any of these resources, it is appropriate to establish policies related to the potential use of open
space for such purposes in the future.
These policies deal with the issues of ( 1) whether and under what circumstances land within the
open space system should be considered for the managed production of natural resources, and
( 2) the City's support for agricultural preserves within the Planning Area where requested by
property owners.
Policies
OS- 2 Generally, land within the Planning Area is not suitable for the managed
production of natural resources which are present on or under the surface,
including timber, mineral, sand and gravel, and oil and gas resources.
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OS- 3 Groundwater recharge areas and extraction systems may be permitted within
open space only if they are beneficial to regional water conservation and
groundwater replenishment efforts and not detrimental to the function and
resources of the open space system.
OS- 4 The City shall accommodate property owner requests for the establishment of
agricultural preserves and execution of Land Conservation Act contracts. It is
recognized that such devices in themselves constitute only a temporary ( 10
year) restriction on development; therefore these areas are considered
" transitional" open space.
C. Open Space for Outdoor Recreation and Education
Outdoor recreation within natural open space areas provides opportunities for enjoyment of the
scenic beauty present in many components of the open space system, as well as opportunities
for healthful exercise and learning about nature. Hiking and riding, limited camping, and
picnicking are examples of outdoor recreation opportunities available in many units of the open
space system. One of the key purposes of the open space system is to enable the development
of a trails system within and extending beyond the Planning Area, which will permit enjoyment
of the system by hikers, equestrians and bicyclists.
In addition, the Conservation Element establishes policies and implementation programs for the
protection of cultural and historic resources. Where appropriate, inclusion within the open
space system is a means to assure on- going preservation of such resources and to reflect their
value in providing outdoor recreation and educational opportunities. Important examples of
open space for this type of outdoor recreation include the Stagecoach Inn historic site, Satwiwa
Native American Indian Culture Center, and the Oakbrook Chumash Interpretative Center in
Oakbrook Regional Park.
These types of outdoor recreation activities are for the most part associated with large tracts of
natural open space, and the focus of this section of the open space element is on appropriate
recreational use of natural open space lands.
Policies related to other types of recreational open space, such as parks, playfields, and golf
courses are not contained in the open space element. In these areas, recreation is the primary
purpose, rather than the use and enjoyment of essentially undeveloped open space land, and the
community's goals, policies, and standards for the recreational use of these facilities are
contained in the Recreation Element of the General Plan and the Conejo Recreation and Park
District's Master Plan.
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Policies
OS- 5 The degree of public access, and the nature, extent, and design of facilities
necessary to provide access to, and enjoyment of, open space areas, such as
trails, trailheads, information kiosks, signage, parking, camping areas, and
other visitor facilities and improvements, shall be dictated by the nature and
sensitivity of the specific open space area. Such improvements, where
necessary and warranted, shall blend unobtrusively with the natural setting.
OS- 6 Trails are a key component of the Open Space Element. A master plan of trails
providing appropriate controlled access to open space within the Planning
Area, and connecting to the regional trail system, is incorporated in the Conejo
Recreation and Park District Master Plan. This master plan of trails is hereby
incorporated as a component of the Open Space Element. In carrying out its
responsibilities, the City shall support completion of this trail system in a
manner compatible with the other policies of this Element.
OS- 7 Outdoor recreation activities within open space shall be planned to avoid
adverse impact on nearby locations.
D. Open Space for Public Health and Safety
Open space includes land which should be set aside in order to protect life and property from
natural hazards. A description of the types of hazards which are present within the Planning
Area, and the types of activities necessary to protect life and property from them is presented in
the Safety Element.
Where protection from a hazard requires that land be maintained in basically an open
undisturbed state, then the affected land is included within the Open Space Element.
Incorporation of such lands in the open space system typically serves other open space
purposes, such as habitat preservation or preservation of scenic resources.
Examples of components within open space which protect public health and safety include
stream channels and barrancas, flood plains, slide- prone areas, and fuel management zones.
Policies
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OS- 8 Open space shall contain those areas, such as flood plains, areas of unstable
slopes, and fuel modification zones which are identified by the Safety Element
as necessary to remain in an undeveloped state for the purposes of maintaining
public safety.
OS- 9 Where fuel modification zones necessary to protect people and structures from
wildfire hazard are acquired by a public agency as open space, then on- going
maintenance shall be provided by the property owner or successor in interest,
with no obligation or liability accruing to a public agency.
OS- 10 Open space managers should work cooperatively with other public agencies
including, but not limited to, the Ventura County Fire Protection District to
implement fuel modification zones, conduct vegetation management and
prescribed burning programs where appropriate, and to designate and plan fire
protection access, including helipads and fire roads, within natural open space
areas in a manner which provides effective protection to the public and also
protects the natural environment.
OS- 11 The City supports regional efforts to designate and preserve large areas of
open space beneficial to the protection of regional air quality.
E. Open Space and Urban Form
The natural setting of the Conejo Valley provides an opportunity to use open space to shape the
urban form of the City, to define relationships with neighboring cities, and to support regional
planning. The City has embraced this opportunity, through the general development policies of
the General Plan, and through inter- governmental efforts. Under the General Plan, the basic
form of the community is one of development clustered in lower- lying areas within the Valley,
while the hills and mountains surrounding the community are set aside in a ring of natural open
space. Furthermore, the City supports greenbelts and other buffers beyond the Planning Area
boundary, separating Thousand Oaks from the nearby cities of Camarillo, Moorpark, and Simi
Valley, and from the unincorporated areas of Lake Sherwood and Hidden Valley.
The City's Planning Area is bounded in many instances by mountains or hills which naturally
divide it from other areas. These topographic features are generally less tolerant of
development and have therefore been allocated to open space or to very low intensity
development. An important exception to this condition is the easterly Planning Area boundary,
which follows a jurisdictional line ( Ventura/ Los Angeles County line) rather than a natural
topographic boundary.
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This natural setting lends itself to coordinated planning not only because of the opportunity to
define urban form through natural boundaries, but also because the setting defines a logical area
for infrastructure planning ( e. g., water supply, wastewater, drainage, roads) and reinforces a
sense of community.
Through the dynamic open space programs of the City and other public agencies, the City is
able to take advantage of this opportunity to shape urban form. In addition, the " ring" of open
space at the periphery of the Planning Area supports goals and policies of the Conservation
Element relating to habitat protection and wildlife movement corridors.
Policies
OS- 12 In its activities to implement the General Plan, the City shall strive to create
and maintain a connected ring of natural open space surrounding the
developed portions of the Planning Area, complemented by the preservation as
open space of significant hillside and ridgeline areas within the Valley.
Achievement of the policies relating to the ring concept is an important factor
to be considered in decisions regarding appropriate land use and the
acquisition of open space.
OS- 13 The ring of open space is a planning principle. Where it is depicted on maps,
its location and extent are conceptual and it is not intended to pre- designate
specific individual parcels or groups of properties as open space.
OS- 14 The City shall support implementation of cooperative regional planning efforts,
such as greenbelt agreements, which reinforce and extend the ring of open
space, as well as low intensity rural agricultural land use, beyond the Planning
Area boundaries.
OS- 15 To further reinforce the ring of open space planning principle, the City shall
support efforts by State and Federal agencies to acquire and beneficially
manage open space in the vicinity of the Planning Area, and to work to
preserve regional wildlife habitat linkages.
OS- 16 Both within its Area of Interest, and in the larger regional setting, the City shall
continue to support policies and programs ( e. g., the Guidelines for Orderly
Development) that encourage urban development to locate within cities and
that preserve regional open space in order to preserve valuable elements of the
natural environment, to produce food and fiber, and to guide urban form.
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F. Open Space Preservation and Stewardship
Chapter 4 inventories natural open space within the Planning Area. As that chapter shows,
many public and private entities are responsible for stewardship of open space. Private entities
consist primarily of homeowners or property owners associations, managing common lots
which are restricted to open space by development regulations and deed restrictions. Public
agencies include the following:
! City of Thousand Oaks
! Conejo Recreation and Park District
! Conejo Open Space Conservation Agency
! County of Ventura
! Mountains Recreations and Conservation Authority
! Santa Monica Mountains Conservancy
! National Park Service
! State Department of Fish and Game
! United States Fish and Wildlife Service
! United States Army Corps of Engineers
Historically, the City's policy towards open space ownership and management provided that
most of the open space system would remain in private hands. The bulk of the system identified
in the Open Space Element adopted in 1972 was deemed to be subject to development
constraints which would preserve the land in essentially its natural state.
In addition, at that time the City already had in place several regulatory tools designed to
protect sensitive natural features, enabling the preservation of open space in private ownership.
These include the Hillside Planned Development ( HPD) zone with its slope/ density and
slope/ open space restrictions and special development standards, the cluster development
provisions of the Residential Planned Development ( RPD) ordinance, as well as General Plan
and Municipal Code policies discouraging grading in slopes over 25% natural grade and
providing for oak tree protection.
In 1977, the City and the Conejo Recreation and Park District entered a joint powers agreement
to form the Conejo Open Space Conservation Agency ( COSCA) for the purpose of conserving
open space lands, coordinating local land use and resource management decisions, and
providing a community focal point for achieving open space and conservation goals. Since both
component agencies had significant interest and responsibilities for open space management, it
was logical to combine resources for the overall benefit of the community. The formation of
COSCA preceded the establishment of the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area
and the Santa Monica Mountains Conservancy. It occupies a unique place in the larger regional
system of open management, and is a model for other agencies.
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Over time, the open space ownership policy has evolved to one generally favoring public
ownership. The reasons for this shift include the following:
! As more interest in open space as a recreational resource developed, it was
realized that public ownership and control was desirable to provide recreational
opportunities, properly regulated to preserve sensitive resources.
! An agency was in place to provide coordinated planning and management of
open space areas.
! The core of publicly- owned open space in 1972 ( Wildwood Park and Oakbrook
Regional Park) began to expand rapidly with the acquisition of the Los Robles
Open Space by the City in 1973 and the Hope Open Space by the CRPD in
1974. In the mid- 1980' s, COSCA received gifts of open space land from the
Prudential Insurance Company totaling several thousand acres, which solidly
established a major public ownership presence, and provided a critical base for
future planning and expansion.
! Transfer to public ownership has advantages to the private property owner by
shifting maintenance and management responsibilities.
This update of the Open Space Element articulates policy toward ownership and management
of natural open space.
Open Space ( O- S) Zone
When the Open Space Element was adopted in 1972, the City's " open space zoning ordinance"
comprised a variety of zoning regulations, principal among which were ( 1) the Hillside Planned
Development ( HPD) zone, which required certain lands to be set aside as open space, and ( 2)
the Public Lands ( P- L) zone, which provided a " home" zoning district for lands which were
dedicated to a public agency as open space. These zoning tools were consistent with the
policies of that time, which favored retention of open space in private hands.
In 1991, the City adopted a more refined and specific open space zoning ordinance ( Section 9-
4.3600 et. seq. of the Municipal Code), entitled " Open Space Zone ( OS)." This zoning district
is tailored specifically to natural open space lands, and its regulations are restrictive as to the
permitted improvements and uses which may be implemented for such lands.
Subsequently, the City processed two City- wide zone change cases ( Z 91- 660 and Z 91- 661) to
re- zone publicly- owned and privately- owned natural open space parcels into the OS zone. At
this writing, approximately 7,200 acres of land within the City are zoned OS.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
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Irrespective of the ownership of land classified as natural open space, such properties should be
considered for O- S ( Open Space) zoning.
Policies
OS- 17 Land set aside as natural open space shall be retained as such in perpetuity for
the long- term benefit of the community and the environment.
OS- 18 Generally, natural open space land should be transferred to public ownership,
to provide consistent management, linkage with other components of the open
space system, and appropriate recreational and educational opportunities.
OS- 19 Policies of public agencies which own and manage open space should require a
public hearing by the governing body prior to any proposed sale, exchange,
other disposition, lease, grant of easement, or construction of improvements
which are inconsistent with passive recreation uses, with respect to such open
space. Such actions should generally be allowed only in very limited
circumstances where there is substantial community benefit, and the action
complies with other policies of the General Plan.
OS- 20 Certain natural open space units are appropriate for private ownership and
management. These principally include smaller, isolated parcels, which will
not readily be integrated into the larger open space system. Privately- owned
open space should be subject to appropriate deed restrictions, with the City as
a beneficiary, to assure its continued protection.
OS- 21 Continue the transfer of natural open space parcels owned by the City and the
Conejo Recreation and Park District to COSCA to facilitate specialized and
consistent planning and management of open space resources.
OS- 22 Generally, land which is set aside as natural open space land should be zoned
O- S ( Open Space), in order to provide appropriate and consistent legislative
controls on land use and improvements.
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G. Open Space Management
Open space must be managed wisely to protect and preserve its natural features, while
providing recreational and educational opportunities to the community. Proper management
includes the establishment of policies and procedures which guarantee that the land which is set
aside as natural open space is so maintained for the long term.
The nature and type of public access which can be accommodated in open space will vary
depending upon the sensitivity of the resources and the possibility of external impacts.
Protecting the quality of the open space itself should be the paramount factor in management
decisions pertaining to natural open space areas.
Policies
Land which is set aside as natural open space, whether in public or private ownership, should be
managed in accordance with the following policies. Where appropriate, the agency having
jurisdiction over the open space should prepare and adopt a management plan consistent with
these policies.
OS- 23 Roads should only be permitted within or traversing natural open space areas
where depicted by the Circulation Element of the General Plan, or where
easements for such purposes are in place when the open space land is set aside.
OS- 24 In determining the nature and extent of visitor use permitted within natural
open space, protection of natural resources within the open space shall be the
over- riding factor. All forms of hunting or trapping shall be prohibited, except
hunting conducted under the auspices of a public agency for public safety
purposes and live trapping which is necessary for purposes of scientific study
conducted by, or under the auspices of, a public agency and which does not
result in injury or death to the animal. Use of poisonous baits shall be
prohibited except when used by open space property owners for purposes of
rodent control.
OS- 25 Facilities necessary to serve visitors, such as trails, trailheads, access roads
and parking lots, kiosks, restrooms, signage shall be designed and installed so
as to have no impact on sensitive natural resources within the open space area,
and minimal impact on non- sensitive resources. Where emergency facilities or
public service and utility facilities must be located in a natural open space
area, they and any necessary access roads shall be located and designed to
minimize impacts.
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Page 20
OS- 26 Significant plant and animal habitats should be identified and prioritized for
needed enhancements and restoration in a cost- effective manner.
OS- 27 Locations where open space resources are vulnerable to degradation due to
off- road vehicular access, illegal dumping, or other damaging activities should
be identified and measures to protect the open space developed.
OS- 28 Continue efforts to protect water quality of streams located within open space
areas from adverse effects associated with recreational use; since the streams
and creeks within open space drain the Conejo Valley in general, continue to
implement and improve programs and measures to reduce pollution stormwater
and nuisance water pollution.
OS- 29 Accommodate all trail users safely and provide a range of scenic experiences
and degrees of difficulty, with the larger objective of protecting natural
resources within open space areas, and minimizing man- made intrusions in
open space. Exclude motor vehicles from trail use, and appropriately regulate
trail use as necessary in order to maintain safety and to protect both the
natural environment and trail improvements.
OS- 30 Open space managers should work cooperatively with the utility companies,
water agencies, and the Ventura County Flood Control District to assure that
facilities subject to their jurisdiction are planned and designed in a manner
which provides effective public service and also protects the natural
environment.
OS- 31 Natural drainage courses should be protected within open space areas. Use of
concrete or other flood control improvements in natural drainage courses is
discouraged, and should occur only when no reasonable alternatives can be
found that would maintain natural hydrological and ecological functions.
OS- 32 Plan new developments to avoid direct and secondary impacts on valuable open
space resources, including appropriate access control, and location and
maintenance of brush clearance areas.
COSCA has adopted Management Policies and Guidelines ( May, 1989) for open space
resources under its care, which are incorporated in the Open Space Element by reference. As
conditions change and more experience in managing open space resources is gained, these
policies and guidelines should be refined and updated as necessary.
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CHAPTER 4
THE OPEN SPACE SYSTEM
This chapter defines the Open Space System of the General Plan and inventories land which is,
or is expected to be, set aside as open space as the community develops.
A. Delineation of the Open Space System
The open space system delineated by the General Plan includes natural open space lands,
existing parks, future parks for both active and passive recreation, golf courses, and a system of
equestrian, hiking, and bicycle trails linking sections of the Planning Area with each other, and
with regional trails systems, such as the National Scenic Trail System.
Open land is critically important to preserve and enhance the Conejo Valley's unique beauty and
spaciousness. The great majority of natural open space lands have been, and will continue to
be, set aside within development projects in compliance with local land use policies and
regulations, or donated by property owners. In this regard, the City has adopted several
amendments to the Municipal Code to assure appropriate control over intensity of use and to
establish suitable standards for hillside development. In those instances where land must be
purchased to protect open space, guidelines are included in Appendix B of this Element to
evaluate and rank areas for acquisition. An acquisition and financial implementation plan is
included in Chapter 6 of this Element.
The Open Space System was designed at the onset of the General Plan process to address the
common goals of the citizenry to have adequate open space and recreational facilities to meet
the long- term needs of the community. The adopted goals and policies of the General Plan
include three goals directly related to the Open Space System. These are:
1. To enhance and preserve the spaciousness and attractiveness of the Conejo
Valley;
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2. To provide a permanent park and recreational system of sufficient size and
quality to adequately serve the Valley's future needs consonant with rising
expectations of the community;
3. To provide a high quality environment that at all times is healthful and pleasing
to the senses of man and to understand the relationship between the maintenance
of ecological systems and the general welfare of the people of the Conejo
Valley.
The policies of the General Plan and the designations of the Land Use Element define the Open
Space System to include existing and future parks, golf courses, and small pockets of
residentially developable land at very low density. This Open Space System is intended to be a
continuous and contiguous " ring" concept, providing a greenbelt around the perimeter of the
City, surrounding areas of development rather than just areas of open space within
developments, and extending into the community, preserving lower slopes and meadow areas as
buffers from adjacent developments, adjoining parks and school sites. In addition to the
contiguous large open spaces, the linkages of open space would encompass a system of trails
and corridors for the preservation of the natural environment and allow the migration of wildlife
and people within the ring of open space. This open space network encourages land use
patterns which stimulate necessary development while protecting environmental quality and
curbing urban sprawl.
In considering the " ring" concept, planning should extend beyond the City's planning boundary
to provide a buffer zone with adjacent communities and encourage compatible land use with
other jurisdictions.
The Open Space Element is designed to augment the Open Space System incorporated in the
Land Use Element of the General Plan by analyzing the functions of open space, further
delineating desirable open space areas and, together with the Conservation Element, setting
forth a comprehensive and realistic implementation program to preserve sensitive biological
habitats and the spacious quality of the Conejo Valley. The Recreation Element of this General
Plan, prepared in cooperation with the Conejo Recreation and Park District, outlines specific
goals, policies and proposals for active recreation facilities within the Conejo Valley. The
Recreation Element augments the Open Space Element in guiding the effectuation of the Open
Space System.
The Open Space System is depicted on Figure 1, the Open Space System Map.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
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Page 23
B. Open Space Inventory
Thousand Oaks' permanent open space has grown steadily since the General Plan was adopted
in 1970. Land classified as natural open space within the Planning Area in 1996 totals about
13,100 acres, or about 34% of the land within the Planning Area. As other lands anticipated to
be added to the system come on line, natural open space acreage is expected to increase to
about 14,400 acres, or about 37% of the Planning Area. Other active elements of the open
space system - parks and golf courses - will account for another approximately 1,500 acres,
bringing the total for the open space system as a whole to about 15,900 acres, or 41% of the
Planning Area's total acreage.
This sub- chapter inventories the existing natural open space, including lands which have been or
are required to be set aside for this purpose, both in public ownership and in private ownership.
For purpose of identification and description, open space parcels within close proximity to each
other have been grouped into open space " areas." The descriptions below summarize open
space resources, natural features, size, ownership, location, trails and access points. Table 1
summarizes and tabulates open space acreage for these areas, and Figure 2, the Open Space
Inventory, shows their location within the Planning Area.
1 Alta Vista The Alta Vista Open Space is located adjacent to the Dos Vientos Open
Space in Newbury Park. Most of this 43- acre area is owned by a
homeowners association, although about 11 acres, located on the south
side of Calle Alta Vista, is owned by the Conejo Open Space
Conservation Agency ( COSCA). The predominant habitat on- site is
coastal sage scrub.
2 Arroyo
Conejo
Nature
Preserve
The 262- acre Arroyo Conejo Nature Preserve is located northeast of the
intersection of Hillcrest Drive and Ventu Park Road. This preserve,
which is often referred to as the " barranca", was highlighted in the
Conservation Element of the General Plan ( 1972) and identified in the
City's Conejo Canyons Study ( 1976) as an area with particularly
important and sensitive resources. Resources include steep- sided
canyons, oak woodlands, a perennial stream, and riparian vegetation
which provide ideal habitat for nesting, foraging and wildlife movements.
The preserve is owned by COSCA and the City, with some limited access
to protect the area's resources. A trailhead for this area is planned on the
east side of Ventu Park Road just north of Hillcrest Drive.
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Page 24
3 Broome
Ranch
In 1993, the City, Conejo Recreation and Park District ( Park District) and
the Mountains Recreation and Conservation Authority cooperated to
acquire a 326- acre portion of the Broome Ranch, located south of Potrero
Road in the southwest corner of the Conejo Valley. This area, which is
bordered on the east by the National Park Service's Rancho Sierra
Vista/ Satwiwa Native American Indian Culture Center, includes
grasslands, coastal sage scrub with the Conejo rock plant association, and
riparian habitats. While specific land uses have not yet been defined for
this property, it is likely that a significant amount of the site will be
designated as natural open space, including steep slopes on the south side
of the property that form part of the Sycamore Canyon drainage system.
Trails in this area will connect to the Dos Vientos Open Space and the
Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area. A portion of this
area is being used as an interim location for the Two Winds Equestrian
Center.
4 Conejo
Canyons
The Conejo Canyons Open Space is a system of deeply eroded canyons,
plateaus and ridgelines in the northwest portion of the Conejo Valley.
This area, which totals 1,119 acres, includes the northern Arroyo Conejo,
Western Canyon, the Seventh Day Adventist property, and the Calleguas
Ridgeline. On clear days, trails in this area afford dramatic views of
Ventura and the coastline, as well as inland to the Topa Topa mountains
north of Ojai. This area also conserves a variety of habitats, including
coast live oak woodlands, riparian habitats, interior sage scrub/ chaparral,
and coastal sage scrub. Most of this area is owned by the City, although a
little more than 300 acres are in private ownership subject to a Specific
Plan condition requiring an offer of dedication to the City. The natural
open space surrounds a 154- acre golf course reserve as designated by
Specific Plan No. 7. Specific boundaries between the golf course reserve
and natural open space have not been determined.
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Page 25
5 Conejo Ridge This 224- acre parcel featuring a secluded valley, with hillside and
mountainous terrain as well, is owned by the Mountains Recreation and
Conservation Authority and forms an important part of the open space
ring on the southern edge of the Conejo Valley. Located south of the
Ventura ( 101) and Thousand Oaks ( 23) Freeway interchange, this area
includes relatively undisturbed chaparral, oak woodlands and coastal sage
scrub, and provides important habitat for deer, mountain lions, bobcats
and other wildlife. The only trail in this area links the southerly terminus
of Rimrock Road with the Los Robles Trail, but other trails are planned.
This area is adjacent to several other open space units.
6 Deer Ridge Located in the southwest portion of the City, the Deer Ridge Open Space
is owned by COSCA and is dominated by a series of north- facing ridges
and canyons that support chaparral with scattered oaks. This 160- acre
area shares a common border with the Santa Monica Mountains National
Recreation Area, and is a prominent visual feature in the Newbury Park
area. The Los Robles Trail traverses the length of the Deer Ridge Open
Space, with access points at the southern end of Felton Street, and at a
trailhead on Potrero Road.
7 Dos Vientos This large open space area ( 1,202 acres) is located in the southwest
corner of the Conejo Valley and is required to be dedicated as public open
space per Specific Plan conditions and a development agreement for the
Dos Vientos Ranch. Dominated by chaparral and coastal sage scrub
habitats, this area provides habitat for a wide variety of wildlife as well as
rare and endangered plants. A trail system over 6 miles long provides
internal and regional trail connections, as well as views of the Pacific
Ocean and the Channel Islands. The principal trail access points for this
area are park sites planned for the Dos Vientos Ranch. To the south of
the Dos Vientos Open Space is the Broome Ranch, Rancho Sierra
Vista/ Satwiwa and Point Mugu State Park, encompassing over 16,000
acres of open space. Contiguous open space areas to the east include the
Alta Vista Open Space, Potrero Open Space, and Los Vientos Open
Space.
8 Glider Hill This area consists of 43 acres of private open space that encircle two
prominent knolls. A system of public trails connect equestrians and other
residents in the Hauser Circle/ Rancho Road area to the North Ranch
Open Space through this open space. The dominant vegetation in this
area is non- native grassland.
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9 Hope Nature
Preserve
This 348- acre parcel was a gift from the actor and comedian Bob Hope to
the Park District. Located on the south side of the valley, this open space
contains extensive stands of chaparral and oak woodland that provide
ideal habitat for deer, coyotes, mountain lions, bobcats, gray fox, rabbits,
and many other animals. In the springtime many wildflowers can be seen
along the trails in this area. The Los Robles Trail provides the principal
access through this open space, including connections to Lynn Oaks Park.
10 Knoll The 21- acre Knoll Open Space is located next to Pepper Tree Playfield in
Newbury Park. This area, which is owned by COSCA, is covered in a
mosaic of non- native grasslands and coastal sage scrub. A gently sloping
trail leads to the top of the hill, which offers views of Newbury Park and
the surrounding area.
11 Labisco Hill The Labisco Hill Open Space is located in the heart of Thousand Oaks,
near the northwest corner of Janss Road and Moorpark Road. Although
relatively small ( 25 acres), this grassland- covered knoll provides a visual
contrast to the urban landscape and creates a sense of spaciousness in the
area.
12 Lake Eleanor The Lake Eleanor Open Space is named for an eight- acre freshwater lake
located near the center of this 517- acre area. Acquired by COSCA in
1986, this area includes diverse wildlife habitat and scenic resources,
rugged hills, prominent rocky outcrops, freshwater marsh habitat, oak
woodland and coastal sage scrub. The rocky outcrops are often used by
hawks and other large birds as nesting sites, and the area supports several
species of rare and endangered plants. Due to the rugged terrain and
sensitive resources, trails have not been developed in this area.
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Page 27
13 Lang Ranch The Lang Ranch Open Space is located in the northeast portion of the
City and is composed of several open space units totalling 528 acres. The
largest of these areas is a picturesque 408- acre parcel that includes rolling
grasslands, oak woodlands, and riparian corridors, which is planned for
future transfer from the City to the Mountains Recreation and
Conservation Authority. The principal access to this area will be provided
from the planned Oakbrook Community Park on Lang Ranch Parkway.
The Lang Ranch trail system will provide connections to other public
lands, including China Flats, Cheeseboro Canyon, Palo Comado Canyon,
Sunset Hills Open Space, and the North Ranch Open Space. In addition
to this major open space holding, an additional 120 acres of arroyos and
grassy slopes are protected within and near the Lang Ranch to conserve
scenic resources, wildlife movement corridors and oak woodlands. All of
these open space areas are owned by the City.
14 Los Padres This open space preserve is located near the southern end of Moorpark
Road, and encompasses 185 acres of chaparral- covered hillsides and oak
woodlands. This area includes one of the most beautiful stands of coast
live oaks in the City, and can be easily accessed from a trailhead on Los
Padres Drive. This trail also provides a direct link to the Los Robles Trail
near the ridgeline. This area is frequented by deer, rabbits, California
quail, California thrasher and many other animals. In the spring and fall,
the oak woodlands are an excellent place to observe migrating birds such
as warblers and vireos. Most of this open space area is owned by
COSCA.
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Page 28
15 Los Robles The Los Robles Open Space contains approximately 355 acres of land
located on the southerly edge of the Conejo Valley. It includes a nearly
mile- long stretch of the prominent ridgeline flanking the Valley, along
with dense chaparral- covered slopes and some relatively flat, grassy
potreros near the ridgeline where one can often see deer browsing in the
early morning and late afternoon. There are several miles of trails within
this open space area, and the ridgeline trails provide some of the most
scenic vistas in the Valley, with panoramic views of Thousand Oaks. The
principal trailhead is at the southern terminus of Moorpark Road, but
secondary access is provided from trailheads at the Arts Council Center
and on Los Padres Drive. The City owns this open space area, along with
the adjacent Los Robles Golf Course.
16 Los Vientos This open space area is located at the southern terminus of Los Vientos
Drive in Newbury Park. Covering 28 acres, this area includes non- native
grassland and coastal sage scrub habitat. The area is contiguous to the
Dos Vientos Open Space, and provides direct access to the regional trail
system. The Los Vientos Open Space is owned by COSCA.
17 Lynnmere The Lynnmere Open Space protects 130 acres of coastal sage scrub-covered
slopes and ridgelines. This area, which is connected to
Wildwood Park with two wildlife corridors, is frequented by deer and
other wildlife that move freely between these open space areas. Trails in
this area provide views of Wildwood Park, Mount Clef Ridge, and the
Conejo Canyons Open Space. This area is owned by COSCA.
18 McCrea
Wildlife
Refuge
This 75- acre preserve was a gift to COSCA from the actor Joel McCrea
and his family in 1981. This area includes rocky outcrops that are favorite
roosting and nesting sites for birds of prey, as well as a deep canyon that
provides a year- round water source for local wildlife and riparian
vegetation. The area also supports several species of rare and endangered
plants and the locally unique Conejo rock plant association. Under terms
of an agreement with the McCrea family, public access to this preserve is
limited to protect sensitive resources.
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Page 29
19 Mount Clef
Ridge
The Mt. Clef Ridge Open Space totals 80 acres, and extends from the
Norwegian Grade ( Moorpark Road) west to Wildwood Park. This area
protects ridgelines that afford sweeping views of both the Conejo Valley
and the Santa Rosa Valley. Plant communities include coastal sage scrub
and chaparral. Two sensitive plants- the Lyon's Pentachaeta and Conejo
Dudleya- are found in this area, and the area also supports many wildlife
species such as deer, coyote, and gray fox. A trail is planned that would
eventually connect this area to trails in Wildwood Park. Open space in
this area is currently in private ownership but will be publicly owned.
20 North Ranch The North Ranch Open Space includes an extensive system of protected
areas that conserve diverse habitats, plants, and animals. This area, which
totals 2,506 acres, is primarily owned by COSCA, with a few smaller
areas in private ownership. Among the most outstanding resources in this
area are the sandstone cliffs of the Simi Hills, spacious mosaics of coastal
sage scrub and grassland, pockets of Southern California black walnut
groves, and coast live oak woodlands along the area's creeks. Wildlife is
abundant, and includes most mammals and birds likely to be seen in the
Conejo Valley. A number of sensitive plants also occur in these areas.
Access to the North Ranch Open Space is provided at the North Ranch
Playfield, and through trail access points on Westlake Boulevard,
Pathfinder Avenue, Falling Star Avenue, and Collingswood Court.
Regionally, the North Ranch Open Space trail system is designed to
connect with trails in Oak Park, Lang Ranch and to the Los Robles Trail
south of the Ventura ( 101) Freeway.
21 Oakbrook
Regional
Park
This 430- acre park is owned by the County of Ventura, and features a
Chumash Interpretive Center. The park is located adjacent to the Lang
Ranch Open Space in the northeast corner of the City, and was
established to protect cultural resources, chaparral habitat and an
outstanding coast live oak woodland along Lang Creek. Public access to
this park is restricted to the Interpretive Center on Lang Ranch Parkway.
Most of the park consists of steep, north- facing slopes with very dense
chaparral and occasional sandstone outcrops.
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Page 30
22 Old Meadows This 50- acre open space area is owned by the City and is located adjacent
to Old Meadows Park just east of Conejo Creek Park. This area supports
non- native grassland, coastal sage scrub and scattered coast live oaks, and
includes a knoll with views of the Conejo Valley. Access is provided
from either Church Road/ El Monte Drive ( equestrians), or from Shadow
Oaks Place ( hikers and bicyclists) and Marview Road. A 20- acre portion
of this area adjacent to Old Meadows Park is being held by the City for
future transfer to the Conejo Recreation and Park District.
23 Potrero The Potrero Open Space encompasses a low- lying ridge that runs east-west
in Newbury Park. This area, which totals 187 acres, includes grassy
hillsides, coastal sage scrub, and oak woodlands, and is accessed from a
trailhead on Wendy Drive. A trailhead planned for the Potrero Open
Space at Reino Road will provide additional access to this area and to the
Dos Vientos Open Space to the west. Most of this area is owned by
COSCA.
24 Santa Monica
Mountains
National
Recreation
Area
Established in 1978, the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation
Area ( NRA) includes approximately 20,000 acres of publicly owned land
in the Santa Monica Mountains. About 964 acres of this total is within
the Thousand Oaks Planning Area, located at the southern edge of
Newbury Park. Within this area is Rancho Sierra Vista and the Satwiwa
Native American Indian Culture Center. Trails from Rancho Sierra Vista
connect to the Pacific Ocean, through Point Mugu State Park. In 1993,
the National Park Service acquired a 315- acre portion of the Broome
Ranch, of which 109 acres is within the City's Planning Area and included
in the total acreage above. A new entrance to the NRA is planned from
Lynn Road. In 1996, access to these areas is from a trailhead at West
Potrero Road and Pinehill Road. The NRA is managed by the National
Park Service.
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Page 31
25 Skyline This area is located south of Skyline Drive, and includes a series of small
north- facing ridges and valleys. This 53- acre preserve is covered in dense
chaparral, with occasional stands of coast live oaks. Most of this open
space area is owned by COSCA, some of which was acquired by gift and
some of which was purchased at a tax foreclosure sale. It is likely that
more parcels will be added in the future. The best access to this area is
from Foothill Drive.
26 South Ranch The Westlake South Ranch Open Space was donated to COSCA in 1986
by the Prudential Insurance Company, and includes 609 acres. This area
protects a significant portion of the ridgeline south of the Ventura ( 101)
Freeway, extending toward Lake Eleanor. A variety of habitats occur in
this area, including chaparral, coastal sage scrub, and coast live oak
woodlands, as well as a significant portion of the Los Robles Trail.
Principal access points include Triunfo Community Park, and East Potrero
Road at Vista Oaks. Deer, bobcat, and rabbits are commonly seen in this
area.
27 Southshore
Hills
This 13- acre area is located between Southshore Hills Park and the Lake
Eleanor Open Space in Westlake Village. This area serves principally as
wildlife habitat and to protect visual resources, with no trails planned.
This preserve is owned by COSCA and supports coastal sage scrub and
chaparral.
28 Summit
House
The 32- acre Summit House Open Space is located near the northeast
corner of Avenida de los Arboles and Lynn Road, and includes non- native
grassland and coastal sage scrub. The Summit House Open Space is
owned by COSCA.
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Page 32
29 Sunset Hills This area includes 393 acres of open space preserves distributed
throughout the Sunset Hills community in northern Thousand Oaks. The
largest of these preserves is a key component of the " ring" of open space,
located on Erbes Road, east of the Thousand Oaks ( 23) Freeway and
south of Olsen Road. This 238 acre area protects oak woodlands, coastal
sage scrub, non- native grasslands and coastal sage scrub. It also contains
areas of unstable soils, steeply sloping land and a prominent ridgeline.
Several trails in this area provide views of Bard Reservoir, and on clear
days one can see the Pacific Ocean. This area supports many species of
wildlife, including birds of prey such as black- shouldered kites, northern
harriers and red- tailed hawks. Spring blooms of bladderpod attract many
Anna's hummingbirds to this area. Access is provided from a trailhead on
Erbes Road. The City owns the majority of the Sunset Hills Open Space.
30 Tarantula
Hill
This area, named for the spiders which frequent its grassy slopes, is
located in the heart of Thousand Oaks near the Conejo Valley Botanic
Gardens. Rising sharply from the valley floor, this 47- acre area provides
panoramic views of Thousand Oaks. Parking is available on
Gainsborough Road, with a paved road providing access to the top of the
hill. Tarantula Hill is owned by COSCA.
31 Ventu Park This 139- acre open space area is located in the community of Ventu Park.
Covered in dense chaparral with occasional coast live oaks, this area
provides important wildlife habitat and protects scenic, north- facing
slopes and a portion of the southern ridgeline. A trail in this area will
provide access to the Los Robles Trail from Lynn Road. This area is in
private ownership, but is dedicated as public open space.
32 Walnut This small, 9- acre area is located next to Walnut Park, near the
intersection of Lynn Road and the Ventura ( 101) Freeway. As such it is a
critical scenic resource at an important gateway to the community. The
area includes coastal sage scrub and a few coast live oaks. A trail from
Walnut Park provides access to this area. COSCA owns the Walnut
Open Space.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 4 The Open Space System 2000 Edition
Page 33
33 Wildwood
Park
Wildwood Park comprises the largest contiguous open space unit in
Thousand Oaks. Covering 1,754 acres and located adjacent to almost
1,000 more acres of open space, Wildwood Park protects many important
wildlife habitats as well as provides many opportunities for passive
recreation. Trails provide access to most parts of Wildwood Park, and
several picnic areas are located near Wildwood Creek. Almost all of the
plant communities found in Thousand Oaks can be located in Wildwood
Park, and the park supports several species of rare and endangered plants.
Wildlife includes deer, bobcat, raccoon, coyote, opossum, gray fox, and
mountain lion. Access is provided at the western terminus of Avenida de
los Arboles, and at several neighborhood access points. A trail map and
brochure is available from COSCA describing the history and resources of
Wildwood Park. Most of Wildwood Park is owned by the Park District,
with lesser amounts owned by COSCA and the City.
34 Fireworks
Hill
The City Council has authorized preparation of a Specific Plan for the
former Civic Center site at 401 West Hillcrest Drive, and the adjacent
" Fireworks Hill," comprising a total of 62 acres of land. The draft
Specific Plan designates approximately 31 acres as open space.
TABLE 1 - Thousand Oaks Planning Area Open Space Inventory ( 1996)
Page 34
NO. OPEN SPACE AREA SUBAREAS
ACRES BY OWNERSHIP
TOTAL
ACRES
COSCA CITY CRPD
OTHER
PUBLIC PRIVATE
1 Alta Vista Open Space - 11 32 43
2 Arroyo Conejo Nature Preserve 74 188 316
South Ar royo Conejo 52 2
3 Broome Ranch - Pending Pending
4 Conejo Canyons Rancho Conejo 802 1,119
Adventist Hill 4 313
5 Conejo Ridge Open Space - 224 224
6 Deer Ridge Open Space Deer Ridge 116 3 160
White Stallion 41
7 Dos Vientos Open Space - 1,202 1,202
8 Glider Hill Open Space - 43 43
9 Hope Nature Pr eserve - 348 348
10 Knoll Open Space - 21 21
11 Labisco Hill Open Space - 25 25
12 Lake Eleanor Open Space - 517 517
13 Lang Ranch Open Space Lang Creek 11 771
Lang Ranch West 106
Lang Ranch East 408 5
Montgomery Ranch 106
Jordan Ran ch 135
14 Los Padres Open Space - 160 7 19 186
TABLE 1 - Thousand Oaks Planning Area Open Space Inventory ( 1996)
NO. OPEN SPACE AREA SUBAREAS
ACRES BY OWNERSHIP
TOTAL
ACRES
COSCA CITY CRPD
OTHER
PUBLIC PRIVATE
Page 35
15 Los Robles Open Space - 355 355
16 Los Vientos Open Space - 28 28
17 Lynnmere Open Space - 107 23 130
18 McCrea Wildlife Refuge - 75 75
19 Mt. Clef Ridge Open Space - 5 75 80
20 North Ran ch Open Space Lakeview Canyon 148 66 2,506
Lindero Cr eek 4 37
North Ranch Arroyos 34
Hillcrest 678 16
Simi Hills 407 243
North Ranch East 832 41
21 Oakbrook Regional Park - 427 3 430
22 Old Meadows Open Space - 50 50
23 Potrero Open Space Potrero 180 4 187
Kelley Estates 3
24 Santa Monica Mountains NRA - 964 964
25 Skyline Open Space - 42 5 6 53
26 South Ranch Open Space - 609 38 647
27 Southshor e Hills Open Space - 13 13
28 Summit House Open Space - 32 32
29 Sunset Hills Open Space Amber Ridge 40 206 389
TABLE 1 - Thousand Oaks Planning Area Open Space Inventory ( 1996)
NO. OPEN SPACE AREA SUBAREAS
ACRES BY OWNERSHIP
TOTAL
ACRES
COSCA CITY CRPD
OTHER
PUBLIC PRIVATE
Page 36
Northwood 54 9
Olsen Road 27 49 4
30 Taran tula Hill Open Space - 47 47
31 Ventu Par k Open Space - 20 119 139
32 Walnut Open Space - 9 9
33 Wildwood Wildwood Mesa 237 1,754
Wildwood Park 1,132
Lynnmere North 385
34 Fireworks Hill - 31 31
TOTAL OPEN SPACE 4,549 2,844 1,480 1,799 2,222 12,894
Table Notes
1. " Other Public" is land owned by other public agencies including the County of Ventura, National Park Service, and the Mountains Recreation and
Conservation Author ity.
2. Some land in the " pr ivate" category will be transferr ed to a public agen cy in the future; specifically Dos Vientos, Adventist Hill, and Ventu Par k Open
Space.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 4 The Open Space System 2000 Edition
Page 37
C. Areas With Important Open Space Resources
The preceding sub- chapter has inventoried natural open space which is presently owned by
public agencies or is privately- owned but subject to City- imposed restrictions.
This sub- chapter identifies areas with important open space resources, which should be
considered as priorities for future additions to the open space system in line with the policies of
this Element. The areas identified and described in this subchapter comprise the most
significant future open space resources only. From time to time, other areas with important
open space resources may be identified and the City may determine to preserve such areas.
This discussion is not intended to limit the City's efforts in open space acquisition to only those
areas described below.
As Figures 1 and 2 show, most of the ring of open space within the City's Planning Area has
been set aside as open space. Supporting elements of the ring, such as Greenbelt Agreement
areas, open space within adjacent jurisdictions, and undeveloped land with significant
development constraints, are also in place as shown on Figure 1.
Completion of the ring of open space should be the first priority for future open space
preservation efforts. Specific areas of focus are shown on Figure 3, and are briefly described in
this section, which is organized by quadrant of the Planning Area. Table 2, following the
descriptions, provides an overview of the areas, including the resources present in at least some
portions of the parcels areas.
The discussion of each area notes the degree to which land with resource or open space value
within the area is likely to be set aside through the normal development review process, based
upon the General Plan designation and zoning of the property in 1996, and the application of
adopted General Plan policies.
1. Northwestern Quadrant ( Ventura Freeway to Thousand Oaks Freeway)
The ring of open space in this quadrant is fairly well- defined for the most part, including the
Conejo Canyons Open Space, Wildwood Park, the McCrea Wildlife Refuge and a portion of
the Sunset Hills Open Space. Consideration of future additions to the ring should focus on the
following locations:
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 4 The Open Space System 2000 Edition
Page 38
A Adventist Hill This area consists of approximately 42 acres of steep slopes and ridgelines
located within the upper portions of undeveloped lots fronting on Grande
Vista Drive. It includes significant open space areas that would be
protected due to topography. Adequate land use controls exist to
conserve this open space.
B Western
Plateau
Area known as " Western Plateau" within Specific Plan No. 7 ( Rancho
Conejo). This land consists of a plateau incised by small drainages, and is
bordered on three sides by the Conejo Canyons Open Space which
includes both lower and higher terrain. The " Western Plateau" itself does
not contain any ridgeline and very limited steeply sloping area, but would
be a beneficial addition to the open space ring in this area because it
would substantially expand the width of the ring and improve continuity
for wildlife migration.
The land is designated for very low density residential ( 147 homes) by
Specific Plan No. 7, and is covered by a development agreement between
the City and the property owner, subject to compliance with Specific Plan
conditions. There are no plans to develop it pending in 1996, and there
are significant development constraints related to the cost of providing
primary and secondary access, utilities, and site development itself.
C Mountclef
Ridge
This area consists of steep slopes and ridgelines located north of
California Lutheran University between Wildwood Park and Moorpark
Road. Portions of this area are owned by the University itself, while other
portions are in smaller parcels that were subdivided before the City
incorporated. The City recently acquired 4.5 acres of open space here,
and is considering appropriate zoning for other parcels in this area.
However, any development of the sites on this ridge may alter the
appearance of the " ring" of open space in this quadrant of the Valley.
D Sunset North Steeply sloping terrain and upper ridgelines located between Moorpark
Road and the Thousand Oaks Freeway. The Conejo Recreation and Park
District has received the McCrea property, some of which will be set aside
as natural open space. Further to the east, steep slopes and ridgeline
terrain on the 110- acre Cornell property should be preserved as open
space. This latter property is within an agricultural preserve and subject
to a Land Conservation Act contract.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 4 The Open Space System 2000 Edition
Page 39
2. Northeastern Quadrant ( Thousand Oaks Freeway to Ventura Freeway)
The ring of open space is very well- defined in this quadrant, including portions of the Sunset
Hills Open Space, Lang Ranch Open Space, and North Ranch Open Space. Remaining
undeveloped land not already set aside as open space is for the most part subject to approved
development entitlements in the Lang Ranch area.
E Sunset
Northeast
This 57- acre site is located on hillside and ridgeline terrain adjacent to
Olsen Road and the Calleguas Municipal Water District facility.
Development under the existing RPD- 0.22- SFD zoning can be expected
to substantially preserve open space resources.
F Wood Ranch One area of focus within this quadrant should be a portion of the Wood
Ranch. Most of the area known as the Wood Ranch is in the City of Simi
Valley. However, there is an approximately 750- acre section of the ranch
which is within the Thousand Oaks Planning Area, and is being planned
for development. This site includes both land which is developable under
the General Plan and land which should be set aside as natural open space,
including ridgeline areas, steep slopes, and wildlife habitat and migration
areas.
Specific open space areas will be determined as part of the zoning and
development review process, but are estimated to comprise approximately
600 acres.
This land is of specific interest related to the provision of an open space
buffer between development within the Wood Ranch area of Simi Valley
and the Lang Ranch area of Thousand Oaks.
3. Southeastern Quadrant ( Ventura Freeway to Los Robles/ Hope Open Space Areas)
The ring of open space in this quadrant is well- established, and is principally defined by the
large tracts of open space donated to COSCA by Prudential Insurance Company in the mid
1980' s, the Conejo Ridge ( Linfin) Open Space, and the Los Robles and Hope Open Space areas
to the west. The ring is continuous from Triunfo Park to the Hope Open Space.
Future additions to the ring will come principally from land required to be set aside in
conjunction with future development on two major parcels, and from future acquisitions which
may be pursued in the Skyline area.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 4 The Open Space System 2000 Edition
Page 40
G Conejo Ridge This area is located just south of the 101/ 23 Freeway interchange and is a
prominent and important natural ridgeline area. Most of this area's open
space resources would be protected under the area's HPD zoning.
Additional measures, however, may be necessary if complete protection is
considered appropriate due to visual and other considerations.
H Skyline Area
Addition
This area is located adjacent to the South Ranch and Conejo Ridge Open
Space Areas, and comprises an antiquated subdivision with numerous
small lots primarily zoned RE- 13 ( Rural Exclusive, 13,000 square foot
minimum lot size). Under this zoning, a theoretical maximum of
approximately 218 dwelling units could be built. A land use study of this
area was completed in 1994. Alternatives for open space preservation
being studied include re- zoning of certain parcels, acquisition of key
parcels, use of transfer of development rights, and parcel mergers.
I Westlake
South Ranch
This 193- acre area was recently re- zoned HPD- SFD- PR by the City
Council, which will preserve most of the site as natural open space,
augmenting the Westlake South Ranch Open Space portion of the ring.
Still, the area is surrounded on the north and south by open space areas,
and may merit additional measures to protect open space.
J Southshore
Hills
This is a remnant 19 acre site zoned RPD- 0.1U- SFD adjacent to the Lake
Eleanor Open Space. Existing zoning should be adequate for significant
open space protection.
4. Southwestern Quadrant ( Los Robles/ Hope Open Space to Dos Vientos to Ventura
Freeway)
The ring in this quadrant is somewhat fragmented due to the existence of previously subdivided
areas in the Ventu Park and Kelley Estates areas, significant portions of which are in the
unincorporated areas.
In the extreme southwesterly and westerly portions of the Planning Area, the ring is defined by
the Rancho Sierra Vista, Broome Ranch, and Dos Vientos Open Space areas. It is buttressed in
a regional sense by land outside the Planning area which are or will be preserved as open space
such as the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area, Point Mugu State Park, and
steep lands to the west of Dos Vientos.
Future additions to the ring should focus on the missing links in the Kelley Estates and Ventu
Park areas. Since these areas have been previously subdivided, it is not practical to expect large
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 4 The Open Space System 2000 Edition
Page 41
dedications of contiguous open space lands in conjunction with future development. Although
these lands have significant development constraints, in some areas acquisition by purchase may
be the only viable way to augment the ring.
K Southern
Ridge
This area is within unincorporated area and is zoned OS- 20 ( Open Space,
20 acre minimum lot size). Some of the resources in this area will be
protected under the provisions of the Thousand Oaks Area Plan, but
further measures may be necessary to ensure complete protection of this
area.
L Broome
Ranch
Addition
This area includes portions of two parcels at the southwestern periphery
of the Planning Area along the south side of Potrero Road adjacent to the
Broome Ranch. These reinforce the wildlife movement corridor in this
area with some terrain which is relatively easy to traverse and have
exceptional scenic qualities. One parcel is designated for development of
an equestrian center ( Planning Unit 4 in Specific Plan 9), while the other
is an approximately 20- acre portion of a very large parcel, the balance of
which is outside the City's Planning Area. This site is designated for " very
low density residential" development by the Land Use Element.
M Vallecito The area consists of steeper slopes and a ridgeline above and to the south
and west of the Vallecito Mobile Home Park. It is an important link in
the ring of open space in this area, and abuts the Dos Vientos Open Space
area to the south.
N Old Conejo
Peak
Development plans for this area were submitted in the past and included
significant open space areas due to the site's topography. No additional
action beyond normal development review should be pursued at this time
for this area.
5. Internal Open Space
Although most of the interior of the Planning Area is developed, there are some existing open
space resources as described above in the Open Space Inventory, and there are some other sites
which should be considered for future open space protection.
O Glider Hill
Addition
Much of the open space resources in this area adjacent to the North
Ranch Open Space will be preserved as public open space through the
area's HPD zoning.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 4 The Open Space System 2000 Edition
Page 42
P Erbes Road The majority of this area is zoned RPD- 0.2U ( Residential Planned
Development, 0.2 dwelling units per acre), with HPD zoned for the
remainder. Most of the open space in this area will be preserved through
the development process.
Q Freeway
Corridor
This approximately 8- acre strip along the west side of the Thousand Oaks
( Route 23) Freeway is part of the Freeway right- of- way and is owned by
CalTrans. The Conejo Recreation and Park District leases this area for
trail purposes. It contains southern oak woodland, riparian, and wetland
habitat, and is also a scenic open space amenity for travelers, obscuring
the view of a concrete- lined flood control channel.
Page 43
TABLE 2 - Areas With Important Open Space Resources ( 1996)
AREA
Size in
Acres
( approx)
No. of
Parcels
( approx)
Resources Present in Area
Land Geo Arch Strm Veg R/ E HR/ E WMC S D W H
A. Adventist Hill 42 6 c X Mod Mod
B. Western Plateau 184 1 X X a, b, c, d, e, i X High High
C. Mountclef Ridge 70 5 X b, c, d, e X X High High
D. Sunset North 100 3 X X a, c, d, e X Mod Mod
E. Sunset Northeast 52 2 X X a, c, d, e X X Mod Mod
F. Wood Ranch 600 1 X X X X a, c, d, e, g, i X X High High
G. Conejo Ridge 200 5 X c, e, f, i X Mod Mod
H. Skylin e Addition 75 136 X X a, c, e, f X X Mod Mod
I. Westlake South 193 1 X X X a, b, c, e, f, i X X High Mod
J. Southshore Hills 19 1 X e, f X X Low Low
K. Southern Ridge 390 360 X X X a, b, c, e, f, i X High High
L. Broome Addition 30 2 X a, c, d X Low Mod
M. Vallecito 40 4 X X a, c, e X Low Mod
N. Old Conejo Peak 50 1 X c, d Low Low
O. Glider Addition 100 9 X X X a, c Low Low
P. Erbes Road 100 2 X X X a, c, i Low Low
Q. Freeway Corr idor 8 1 X a, f, h, i, j Mod Mod
Resource Legend Vegetation Types
Land Prominent ridgeline or landform feature HR/ E Habitat suitable for rare/ enda ngered species a Non- native California grassland f Southern oak woodland
Geo Geologic form ation with fossils WMC Important wildlife movement corridor b Native grassland g Oak savannah
Arch Historic/ archaeologically significant area S D Species Diver sity c Coastal sage scrub h Riparian woodland
Strm Blue- line strea m chann el( s) on- site W H Wildlife Habitat Va lue d Xeric cactus shrub I Riparian scrub
R/ E Rare or endangered species present e Chaparral j Wetland
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Page 44
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Page 45
CHAPTER 5
ACTION PLAN TO IMPLEMENT THE OPEN SPACE ELEMENT
This Chapter is a statement of the City's plan to carry out the policies established in Chapter 3
and complete the open space system described in Chapter 4. Methods to finance acquisition of
open space areas, where necessary, and for maintenance of the system are discussed in Chapter
6.
A. Open Space Zoning Ordinance
The City's Open Space Zoning Ordinance comprises several components, which are described
below. These components have all been adopted by the City Council and are contained in the
Thousand Oaks Municipal Code ( TOMC).
Open Space
Zone ( TOMC
Section 9-
4.3600 et.
seq.)
The City's Open Space Zone was established in compliance with California
Government Code Sections 65560- 70 ( Open Space Lands), and Sections
65910- 11 ( Open- Space Zoning). The regulations of this zone are intended
to be applied to those lands which are set aside as natural open space,
whether in public or private ownership, ensuring that any uses or structures
proposed on such land will have " minimal impact on the natural,
undisturbed character of the land." As noted earlier in this Element,
approximately 7,200 acres of land within the City have been zoned OS
( Open Space), and are specifically subject to its regulations.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Page 46
Disposition
or Lease of
Property
Held by the
City for
Open Space
Purposes
( TOMC
Section 9-
13.101 et.
seq.)
The general policy of the City is that open space shall be retained as such
in perpetuity. From time to time, it may be beneficial to consider sale,
exchange, other transfer, lease, grant of easement, or the construction of
improvements which are inconsistent with passive recreational uses. This
section of the Municipal Code establishes procedural safeguards vis- a- vis
City- owned open space, which requires the City Council to conduct a
public hearing prior to considering a request of the type enumerated above.
Hillside
Planned
Development
Zone ( TOMC
Section 9-
4.3100 et.
seq.)
The Hillside Planned Development ( HPD) Zone was adopted in 1971. It is
a residential zoning district, the regulations of which apply to all properties
which have been placed in that zone through the re- zoning process. It is a
" planned development" zone, allowing a limited degree of clustering of
density in order to preserve larger areas of open space.
Under the provisions of this zone, the maximum density of development is
regulated in inverse relationship to the average slope, and the percentage
of the site which must remain as open space or be developed for
recreational purposes is regulated in direct proportion to the average slope.
Special design standards suited to hillside terrain are also incorporated in
the ordinance.
The purpose of this zone is to encourage the retention of steep slopes,
ridgelines, and other prominent natural features while permitting limited
residential development. Following development, those portions of the site
which have been set aside as natural open space are often transferred to
public ownership. Whether they are transferred or retained by a property
owners association, Open Space ( OS) zoning is appropriate once the
parcels have been created and restricted to open space by a development
entitlement.
While this ordinance is generally appropriate for regulating hillside
development and insuring the provision of open space, the slope- density
table should be reviewed to consider some downward revisions to the
maximum permissible density for the various slope categories, and also to
consider a " sliding scale" rather than " step intervals" for relating
permissible density and required open space to the parcel's average slope.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Page 47
Protected
Ridgeline
Overlay Zone
( TOMC
Section 9-
4.3500 et.
seq.)
Adopted in 1991, this overlay zone is designed to protect ridgelines within
and surrounding the community, as identified by the City's Ridgeline Study
- 1988 Update, which supplemented the original Ridgeline Study prepared
in 1978. Where applied to a specific property through the re- zoning
process, specific development standards are established to regulate
development on the site in relation to the identified ridgeline.
It should be noted that both the General Plan ( General Policies and the
Conservation Element) and Resolution 78- 66 define the City's interest and
policy to preserve the identified ridgelines wherever possible. These
policies are implemented through the specific standards of the Protected
Ridgeline overlay zone where applicable, or through techniques identified
in the Ridgeline Study - 1988 Update on a Planning Area- wide basis.
B. Implementation of Open Space Element Policies
The purpose of this sub- chapter is to identify implementation programs for each of the open
space policies established by Chapter 3. The following table presents this information, keyed
back to the appropriate policy number and topic from Chapter 3. The responsibility for
carrying out the programs falls with City staff in carrying out activities related to development
project review, capital program planning, interaction with County, State, and Federal agencies,
and through participation in COSCA.
An annual report regarding progress in the implementation of the Open Space Element should
be prepared for the City Council's information and review. This report should be presented to
the Council as a separate document, in conjunction with its annual review of the General Plan.
OPEN SPACE IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS
Policy Topic Implementation Program
OS- 1 Conservation
Element resources
Review new projects to place particularly sensitive resources, as
identified by the Conservation Element, in open space areas.
Continue to apply the City's Landmark Tree Preservation and
Protection Ordinance.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Policy Topic Implementation Program
Page 48
OS- 2 Managed
production of
resources
Open Space ( OS) zone precludes resource production.
OS- 3 Groundwater
recharge and
extraction
Review of proposals to identify and evaluate all potential benefits
and detriments to open space from groundwater extraction or
recharge proposals.
Where permitted, design groundwater recharge areas to maximize
open space benefits, such as the creation of wetland areas, and
provision of surface water areas for resident and migratory
waterfowl.
OS- 4 Land Conservation
Act contracts
Administer existing application procedure for Land Conservation
Act contracts.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Policy Topic Implementation Program
Page 49
OS- 5 Visitor/ user
impacts on open
space resources
Conduct field surveys of planned trail routes to avoid sensitive
natural features and cultural resources.
Design and construct trails to minimize disturbance of native
vegetation.
Use natural building materials, native plant materials, and earth- tone
colors to the greatest extent possible in all fencing, trailheads,
kiosks and other open space improvements.
Minimize the use of signs in open space areas, using signs only for
visitor information, safety, and resource protection.
Locate visitor information signs, kiosks, and related improvements
principally at trailheads to reduce signage within open space areas.
Install fencing and barrier materials where appropriate to direct
public access to specific entry points, control off- road vehicle
access, and provide for the safe separation of visitors and horses
from hazards.
Limit the number of visitors and periods of access to areas with
particularly sensitive resources.
Close or relocate trails in areas where visitor use has adversely
affected wildlife and plant habitats.
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Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Policy Topic Implementation Program
Page 50
OS- 6 Trails Master Plan
implementation
Through development review, secure trail rights- of- way or
easements, and on- site trail construction, where such trails are
designated by the Trails Master Plan.
Participate in cooperative regional trail planning with public and
private organizations to identify and develop regional trail
connections.
Allow multiple use on trails wherever feasible.
Cooperate with the Conejo Recreation and Park District to
regularly evaluate and update the master trail plan.
Maintain an inventory of key trail/ street crossings, and upgrade
crossings to facilitate trail use as opportunities arise.
Continue to foster public involvement in trail system planning,
maintenance and construction through an advisory group and trail-related
programs.
OS- 7 Impact of open
space use on
adjacent areas
Locate trails in such a manner to minimize visual impacts on
adjacent communities, including use of existing access road and
paths.
Where possible, maintain a buffer area between trails and existing
residential development, including use of existing plant materials to
screen trails from nearby homes.
Develop a system of trailheads to provide adequate parking and
related facilities for trail users, to avoid trail user parking on
residential streets.
Install signage at principal trail entry points where necessary to
direct visitors to use only established trails and to follow other open
space rules and trail use guidelines.
OS- 8 Safety Element
hazards
Designate as open space those areas within new development
projects necessary to remain undeveloped for public health and
safety purposes, as identified in the Safety Element.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Policy Topic Implementation Program
Page 51
OS- 9 Maintenance of fuel
modification areas
When fuel modification zones are accepted as open space by a
public agency, insure that an appropriate privately funded
mechanism is in place to guarantee maintenance at no cost to the
general public.
OS- 10 Fire protection
access in open
space
Continue to accommodate fire roads and helipads in open space
areas where such improvements are necessary for public health and
safety, while minimizing disturbance to the resources as much as
possible.
OS- 11 Regional open
space for air
quality benefits
Continue to support regional planning efforts which direct new
development to cities, and preserve large open area buffers between
cities.
OS- 12 Ring of open space Open space protection per sub- chapter A, above, and acquisition
per Chapter 6 ( Financial Plan).
OS- 13 Ring of open space
as a planning
principle
Insure that General Plan and other publications appropriately
describe and depict the ring of open space.
OS- 14 Greenbelt
agreements and
other regional plans
Continue support of the Tierra Rejada Greenbelt Agreement.
Continue support of the Thousand Oaks Area Plan.
Support other inter- agency agreements which foster achievement of
regional open space policies.
OS- 15 Federal and State
open space
Monitor State and Federal acquisition and management activities
and register City support where appropriate.
OS- 16 Regional policies
( e. g., Guidelines for
Orderly
Development)
OS- 11 implementation program is applicable.
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Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Policy Topic Implementation Program
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OS- 17 Retention of open
space in perpetuity
Continue re- zoning of natural open space lands to the Open Space
( OS) Zone.
Retain the majority of natural open space in public ownership.
Where privately- owned natural open space is appropriate, require
deed restrictions, with the City as a beneficiary, to protect open
space resources in perpetuity.
OS- 18 Public ownership of
open space
Continue to require significant natural open space set aside through
the development process to be dedicated in fee title to a public
agency for long term stewardship.
Continue to enable public ownership and management of natural
open space through continued participation in the Conejo Open
Space Conservation Agency.
OS- 19 Public hearing
before disposition
or lease of open
space
Request the adoption of a policy by the Conejo Open Space
Conservation Agency and Conejo Recreation and Park District to
require a public hearing by its governing body prior to disposition
or long- term use of natural open space which is incompatible with
passive recreation uses.
OS- 20 Privately- owned
open space
Acquire conservation easements, or apply deed restrictions to
private natural open space, with the City as a beneficiary, in order
to protect open space resources in perpetuity.
Acquire trail easements over private natural open space areas,
where necessary, to retain public trail access to and between open
space lands.
Periodically review privately- owned natural open space lands on a
periodic basis to ensure the long- term protection of open space
resources.
OS- 21 Transfer of open
space to COSCA
Identify and transfer natural open space lands owned by the City
and Conejo Recreation and Park District to the Conejo Open Space
Conservation Agency, after concurrence by the governing boards of
each agency.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Policy Topic Implementation Program
Page 53
OS- 22 Open Space zoning Continue re- zoning natural open space lands to the O- S ( Open
Space) Zone.
OS- 23 Roads in open
space
The Circulation Element presently depicts appropriate road
locations within open space. Review proposed amendments to the
Circulation Element to avoid negative impact to open space
resources.
Proposed road easements potentially affecting open space lands
shall carefully reviewed to avoid or minimize impact on open space
resources. Where approved, easements should be described and
identified on the recorded tract map or land division, and in related
development permits, at the time of dedication.
Existing road easements across open space land shall be reviewed
and may be relocated if desirable to avoid or minimize impact on
open space resources.
OS- 24 Protection of
natural resources
Identify and avoid natural resources of particular importance or
sensitivity, and cultural resources, during the development of plans
to accommodate visitor use.
Emphasize the importance of natural resource protection in
educational materials related to recreational use of open space.
Encourage research projects by recognized institutions that will
contribute to a data base on local open space resource
characteristics and recreational use patterns.
OS- 25 Visitor facilities
and public utilities
in open space
Implementation program OS- 5 is applicable.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Policy Topic Implementation Program
Page 54
OS- 26 Protection and
enhancement of
habitat in open
space
Inventory significant plant and animal habitats within open space
areas for potential restoration or enhancement, including an
assessment of the costs and benefits of such restoration on a site-specific
basis.
Seek grants and other special funding sources for prioritized plant
and animal habitat restoration or enhancement.
OS- 27 Protection of open
space from damage
from unauthorized
activities
Inventory and prioritize natural open space areas damaged by off-road
vehicles, dumping or other activities and develop site- specific
measures to reduce such activity.
Systematically implement a program to construct fencing or other
barriers where indicated by the inventory.
Install appropriate signage and coordinate enforcement of
ordinances related to illegal dumping and off- road vehicle use in
open space with the Ventura County Sheriff's Department.
OS- 28 Water quality
protection
Collaborate with other City departments and responsible agencies
to develop a monitoring program of water quality in principal
creeks and streams within open space areas.
Install signage and other improvements and regulate use as
necessary to avoid adverse impacts to water quality from
recreational activities in open space.
Develop a program to periodically clean streamside areas of trash
and other foreign debris deposited during stormwater flows.
Review new development to impose conditions necessary to protect
downstream water quality.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Policy Topic Implementation Program
Page 55
OS- 29 Trail use Plan trails collaboratively with the Conejo Recreation and Park
District to maximize the visitor's experience and minimize impacts
to natural resources.
Design and develop trails to be multiple- use wherever such use
does not adversely affect trail user safety or trail improvements.
Continue efforts to communicate responsible trail use concepts to
the community through a variety of media.
If necessary, develop regulations regarding trail use in consultation
with other local agencies and the Conejo Open Space Trails
Advisory Committee.
OS- 30 Utility lines and
flood control
facilities
Continue to work with utility companies and agencies, and the
Ventura County Flood Control District to accommodate utility lines
and flood control facilities where such improvements are necessary
for public health and safety, while minimizing disturbance to open
space resources.
OS- 31 Protection of
natural drainage
courses
Manage open space and control adjacent development so as to
preclude wherever possible the need for flood control
improvements within natural drainage courses. Where such
facilities are unavoidable for public safety reasons, use innovative
design and construction techniques to minimize impact on open
space resources.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 5 Action Plan to Implement the Open Space Element 2000 Edition
Policy Topic Implementation Program
Page 56
OS- 32 Impact of new
development on
open space
Inventory and avoid sensitive natural and cultural resources
wherever possible in all new development.
Where feasible, include transition areas in new development
projects between natural open space and developed areas.
Restore ground disturbances, including roads and trails not part of
the trail system, and remove debris foreign to the natural
environment in areas to be dedicated as natural open space.
Control access to open space from streets and other access ways
through fencing or other appropriate barriers where needed;
preclude residential lot access to open space through non- gated
fences or walls.
Install stepovers, gates or other barriers at all trailhead entry
locations to control trail access.
Create separate lots outside natural open space areas to include all
fuel modification zones as required by the Fire Protection District,
with maintenance responsibility exercised and controlled by private
landowners, according to City policies.
Review and provide comments on environmental documents for
development projects in adjoining cities and unincorporated areas
that could have impact on open space within the Planning Area.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 6 Financial Plan to Acquire and Manage Open Space 2000 Edition
Page 57
CHAPTER 6
FINANCIAL PLAN TO ACQUIRE AND MANAGE OPEN SPACE
Chapter 4 delineated the open space system, including those areas with important open space
resources for future protection ( subchapter C). As indicated in the descriptions of those
resources, many areas can be preserved through the development review process, in which
those portions of a proposed development which contain protected resources can be set aside
as open space, with the remainder of the parcel developed in a manner consistent with the
General Plan and underlying zoning. In several instances, however, lands for future open space
protection identified in Chapter 4 are not expected to be reserved as open space during the
development review process, principally for two reasons:
1. The land has already been subdivided and reasonable development permissible under law and
zoning will not provide large contiguous open space areas meeting the objectives of the General
Plan. Examples include Mountclef Ridge, Southern Ridge, and Skyline areas.
2. The land would be a desirable addition to the ring of open space but has already been
designated for development by the General Plan and the underlying zoning or Specific Plan. An
example is the Western Plateau area.
In these instances, it may be necessary for the City or COSCA to purchase an interest in the
property to preserve its open space character. This sub- chapter identifies financial strategies
and resources which may be available in such cases.
Where the City or other public agency is considering the acquisition of an open space area by
purchase, its relative significance for open space purposes should first be evaluated using the
open space evaluation criteria adopted by COSCA ( please refer to Appendix B), as those
criteria may be amended in the future.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 6 Financial Plan to Acquire and Manage Open Space 2000 Edition
Page 58
Open Space,
Conservation,
and Scenic
Easements,
Acquisition of
Development
Rights
An easement is a right granted by a property owner to another, either
with or without monetary consideration, which gives the other party
certain rights. An open space, conservation, or scenic easement is a
tool which should be used where outright acquisition of the open space
is not desirable or possible, and where the property owner is willing to
place certain restrictions on the property which limit its use in such a
way that the desirable open space character is preserved. The cost of
the easement may be less than outright acquisition, depending upon the
development rights retained by the owner under the easement
agreement. A similar tool is the acquisition of all development rights.
This may be desirable where it is appropriate that the open space remain
in private ownership ( e. g., a small parcel internal to a tract), but it is in
the public interest to fully restrict any potential future development.
City General
Fund -
Bedroom Tax
Municipal Code Section 3- 16.01 et. seq. ( Fees in Connection with the
Construction of Dwelling Units) levies a tax on new residential
construction, varying from $ 100 to $ 200 per dwelling unit, depending
upon the number of bedrooms in the residence. Revenue from this tax
is placed in a Special Capital Outlay Fund for " the acquisition,
improvement, and development of open space, public parks, parkways,
and median islands..." Future revenues accruing to this fund at the
present tax rate are expected to total approximately $ 1,400,000 over
the next 20- 25 years to buildout of the Planning Area. A measure to
increase the tax rate, which has not been changed since the tax was
enacted in 1972, to a range of $ 400 to $ 800 per dwelling unit has been
placed on the November, 1996, ballot. The City should allocate
revenue from this tax to open space acquisition to the greatest extent
possible.
Transient
Occupancy
Tax or Other
General Fund
Revenue
Source
The transient occupancy tax is levied on hotel and motel room charges
within the City. It presently generates approximately $ 1,200,000 per
year in revenue to the City's General Fund. Revenue from this and
other General Fund sources ( the largest of which is the sales tax) are
available to the City Council.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 6 Financial Plan to Acquire and Manage Open Space 2000 Edition
Page 59
Tax
Foreclosure
Sales
Occasionally properties which have been identified as valuable open
space acquisitions become available through tax foreclosure sales. The
City has recently acquired some parcels in the Skyline Open Space Area
through this method, and should continue to actively monitor sale
announcements. This method may be particularly applicable to smaller
parcels in older subdivisions.
Open Space
Acquisition
Bond Issue
Where a large amount of money is needed to acquire one or more
parcels for open space purposes, and there is substantial community
support ( 2/ 3 voter approval at an election is required in order to
approve such a measure), this option may be viable.
Open Space
Maintenance
Districts
The City has used this technique with large land developments where
open space is dedicated pursuant to a specific plan or subdivision map.
A special district is established which levies an annual assessment on the
owners of other property within the Specific Plan or subdivision, to
provide funds to maintain the dedicated open space. The major portion
of such maintenance is typically brush clearance.
Grants Although grant funding available from higher levels of government in
1996 is scarce and subject to significant competition where it does exist,
the City and other local agencies should continue to monitor and apply
for such funding for open space acquisition.
Donations and
Bargain Sales
Donations and bargain sales, in which the property owner sells the
property for less than appraised value ( essentially a partial donation),
can provide tax advantages to the owner, as well as valuable open space
which might not otherwise by acquired. Many of COSCA's early
acquisitions were donations by the Prudential Insurance Company.
Sale/
leasebacks
Public agencies can acquire open space at less than market value via a
sale/ leaseback, in which the seller continues to use a portion of the
property for a period of time, or as a life estate.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 6 Financial Plan to Acquire and Manage Open Space 2000 Edition
Page 60
Golf Course
Revenues
In its action earlier this year to increase fees at the Los Robles
Municipal Golf Course, the City Council stated its intent to increase
fees for non- resident golfers by an additional $ 2.00 per round after the
planned renovation of the Golf Course is complete, with the additional
revenue generated by this fee increase targeted for maintenance of open
space.
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 7 Thousand Oaks City Urban Restriction Boundary 2000 Edition
Page 61
CHAPTER 7
THOUSAND OAKS CITY URBAN RESTRICTION BOUNDARY
Introduction
The electorate of the City of Thousand Oaks have adopted an urban growth boundary
line denominated the Thousand Oaks City Urban Restriction Boundary ( Thousand Oaks CURB
line). Its purpose, principles, implementation procedures, and methodologies for amendment
are set forth in this General Plan amendment.
1. PURPOSE
The City of Thousand Oaks and surrounding area, with its unique viewsheds, watershed
lands and proximity to unique soils, micro- climate and hydrology, is a gate- keeper to one of the
finest growing regions in the world. Vegetable and fruit production from the County of
Ventura and, in particular, the Tierra Rejada Valley and alluvial plains adjacent to the City have
achieved international acclaim, enhancing the City’s economy and reputation.
The purpose of this amendment is to ensure that the preservation of agricultural
production, open space, and protection of environmentally sensitive habitat are inviolable
against transitory short- term political decisions, and that agricultural, viewshed, watershed and
open space lands are not prematurely or unnecessarily converted to other non- agricultural or
non- open space uses without public debate and a vote of the people. As importantly, limiting
urban sprawl through the use of an Urban Restriction Boundary enhances the sense of
community, allows for development unique to the City of Thousand Oaks and promotes the
efficient use of the City’s infrastructure.
2. PRINCIPLES
Continued urban encroachment into open space, viewshed and watershed areas
negatively impacts sensitive environmental areas, intrudes on open space irrevocably changing
its utility, diminishes the quality of life and threatens the public health, safety and welfare by
causing increased traffic congestion, associated air pollution, alteration of sensitive lands in
flood plains and causing potentially serious water problems, such as pollution, depletion and
Thousand Oaks General Plan Open Space Element 1996 Update
Chapter 7 Thousand Oaks City Urban Restriction Boundary 2000 Edition
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sedimentation of available water resources not only for the City of Thousand Oaks, but for its
jurisdictional neighbors. Such urban encroachment would eventually result in both the
unnecessary, expensive extension of public services and facilities and inevitable conflicts
between urban and Open Space/ Agricultural uses.
The unique character of the City of Thousand Oaks and quality of life of City residents
depend on the protection of a substantial amount of open space, viewshed and watershed. The
protection of such lands through the implementation of this measure not only ensures the
continued viability of agriculture, but also protects the available water supply and contributes to
flood control and the protection of wildlife, environmentally sensitive areas, and irreplaceable
natural resources.
3. IMPLEMENTATION
( a) The City of Thousand Oaks hereby establishes a Thousand Oaks City Urban
Restriction Boundary ( Thousand Oaks CURB). The Thousand Oaks CURB is established
coterminous with the Sphere of Influence line established by the Local Agency Formation
Commission for the City of Thousand Oaks, as it exists as of January 1, 1998.
( b) Until December 31, 2030, the City of Thousand Oaks shall restrict urban
services ( except temporary mutual assistance with other jurisdictions) and urbanized uses of
land to within the Thousand Oaks City Urban Restriction Boundary, except as provided herein
and except for the purpose of completing roadways designated in the Circulation Element of the
Thousand Oaks General Plan as of January 1, 1998, construction of public potable water
facilities, public schools, public parks or other government facilities. Other than for the
exceptions provided herein, upon the effective date of this Urban Restriction Boundary General
Plan amendment, the City and its departments, boards, commissions, officers and employees
shall not grant, or by inaction allow to be approved by operation of law, any General Plan
amendment, rezoning, specific plan, subdivision map, conditional use permit, building permit or
any other ministerial or discretionary entitlement, which is inconsistent with the purposes of this
General Plan amendment, unless in accordance with the amendment procedures of Section 4 of
this General Plan amendment.
( c) “ Urbanized uses of land” shall mean any development which would require the
establishment of new community sewer systems or the significant expansion of existing
community sewer systems; or, would result in the creation of residential densities greater than
one primary residential unit per 10 acres in area; or, would result in the establishment of
commercial or industrial uses which are neither agriculturally- related nor related to the
production of mineral resources.
( d) The Land Use Element Map is amended to reflect the existence of the Thousand
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Chapter 7 Thousand Oaks City Urban Restriction Boundary 2000 Edition
Page 63
Oaks Urban Restriction Boundary which is coterminous with the Sphere of Influence line as it
exists as of January 1, 1998.
( e) The City Urban Restriction Boundary, as defined herein, may not be amended,
altered, revoked or otherwise changed prior to December 31, 2030, except by vote of the
people or by