P R O C E D U R E
M A N U A L
RIGHT
LANE
CARPOOLS
OR MORE
ONLY
WHEN METERED
2
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
GOVERNOR GRAY DAVIS
BUSINESS, TRANSPORTATION AND HOUSING AGENCY
Secretary Maria Contreras- Sweet
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Director Jeff Morales
DISTRICT 7
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS
OFFICE OF FREEWAY OPERATIONS
NOVEMBER 2002
ONE CAR PER GREEN
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
BUSINESS, TRANSPORTATION AND HOUSING AGENCY
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
DISTRICT 7
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS
RAMP METERING
P R O C E D U R E
M A N U A L
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
DISTRICT 7
DOUG FAILING
DISTRICT DIRECTOR
FRANK QUON
DEPUTY DISTRICT DIRECTOR OF OPERATIONS
MARCO RUANO
OFFICE CHIEF, OFFICE OF FREEWAY OPERATIONS
AFSANEH RAZAVI
BRANCH CHIEF, RAMP METERING BRANCH
NOVEMBER 2002
RAMP METERING
PROCEDURE
MANUAL
NOVEMBER 2002
This Ramp Metering Procedure Manual has been prepared under the direction of the following
registered civil engineer. The registered civil engineer attests to the technical information
contained therein and has judged the qualifications of any technical specialists providing
engineering data upon which recommendations, conclusions, and decisions are based.
Prepared By:
RAFAEL BENITEZ- LOPEZ DATE
Transportation Engineer, Ramp Metering Branch
Approved By:
AFSANEH M. RAZAVI DATE
Branch Chief, Ramp Metering Branch
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• This Manual was developed at the request of Ramp Metering Branch Chief, Afsaneh M.
Razavi. In order to establish consistency and accuracy, this Manual provides written
guidelines and general field procedures for Ramp Metering personnel.
• Rafael Benitez- Lopez, Ramp Metering Branch, for preparing this Ramp Metering
Procedure Manual.
Special thanks to:
• Nabil Eskander, Transportation Management Center, for creating the Manual’s cover
sheet, computer generated graphics, drawings, photos, etc. and for electronically
packaging the Manual’s files.
• Kevin Lombard, Transportation Management Center Support, for his technical comments
related to Ramp Metering Field Procedures.
• Chester Otani, Ramp Metering Branch, for his help in writing Chapter 1, “ Transportation
Management Center and Advanced Transportation Management System” and for his
numerous comments and ideas that were used on this Manual.
• Liem Phan, Transportation Management Center Support, for modifying the existing
ramp meter software, SATMS ver. 2.2, for creating the interim version, SATMS ver. 2.3
and for developing the final software, SATMS ver. 3.0 ( to be released by the end of year
2002). In addition, his workshop notes on how the ramp meter software operates, are
included in Appendix B.
The following Ramp Metering Branch personnel provided their comments which improve
the quality of this Manual:
• Wahib Jreij
• Tim Nguyen
• Hanh Pham
• Iqbal Toorawa
Table of Contents
PURPOSE OF THIS MANUAL......................................................................................... 1
INTRODUCTION TO RAMP METERING..................................................................... 2
CHAPTER 1: TMC & ATMS
TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT CENTER ( TMC)..................................... 4
ADVANCED TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ( ATMS)........... 5
CHAPTER 2: RAMP METERING BRANCH RESPONSIBILITIES .......................... 7
CHAPTER 3: RAMP METERING BRANCH FIELD PROCEDURE.......................... 10
“ 170” CONTROLLER BASE DISPLAY ................................................................. 10
INPUTTING TIME AND DATE.............................................................................. 11
INPUTTING TIME OF DAY ( TOD) TABLE.......................................................... 12
RAMP METER IS OPERATING ON A STEADY GREEN.................................... 13
RAMP METER IS OFF ( BLACK)............................................................................ 14
RAMP METER IS OPERATING ON “ PRE- TIME” MODE................................... 16
RAMP METER IS STUCK ON RED ....................................................................... 18
MAXIMUM GREEN TIME ON EVERY CYCLE................................................... 19
MINIMUM GREEN TIME ON EVERY CYCLE.................................................... 20
RAMP METER CONTROLLER CABINET ( PHOTO)........................................... 21
ATTACHMENTS
A. RAMP MAP LOOP DETECTOR SENSOR LAYOUT SHEET AND
AS BUILTS PLAN........................................................................................ 22
B. RAMP METER INVENTORY FIELD FORM............................................. 28
C. FREEWAY SURVEILLANCE FORM......................................................... 30
APPENDIX A: LOOP DETECTOR SENSORS RECOMMENDED SETTINGS.............. 33
APPENDIX B: SATMS ( ver 2.3) SOFTWARE WORKSHOP NOTES............................. 47
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PURPOSE OF THIS MANUAL
The purpose of this Manual is to provide a guide to CALTRANS Ramp Metering Branch
personnel. In order to establish consistency and accuracy, the Manual provides written guidelines
and general field procedures.
This Manual is divided into three chapters:
• CHAPTER 1- Transportation Management Center ( TMC) and Advanced
Transportation Management System ( ATMS)
Describes the functions and duties of District 7 TMC. Explains and describes the
computer system ( ATMS) used in the TMC by Ramp Metering Branch and other
CALTRANS personnel.
• CHAPTER 2- Ramp Metering Branch Responsibilities
Describes the responsibilities of the Ramp Metering Branch. The guidelines are
continuously being improved by new ideas and technologies.
• CHAPTER 3- Ramp Metering Branch Field Procedure
Describes the field procedure for ramp metering field personnel and explains how the
ramp meter software operates.
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
INTRODUCTION TO RAMP METERING
Ramp metering is a traffic management tool used to increase the efficiency and safety of the
traffic operations on freeways. It is one of the most cost effective ways of managing traffic flow.
It improves traffic flow on congested freeways and often significantly delays the necessity of
undertaking major freeway improvement projects.
Freeway ramp meters are traffic signals installed on the freeway on- ramps to regulate the traffic
entering the freeway system. Ramp meters allow the traffic to enter the freeway at a rate
dependent on the conditions of freeway mainline traffic. They generally operate during the traffic
peak periods. The main objective of ramp meters is to maintain the freeway traffic volumes
below the freeway capacity, and to provide an acceptable level of service. In highly populated
metropolitan areas, this objective is difficult to maintain for long periods of time due to high
freeway and on- ramps traffic demand. Stop and go traffic conditions are normally delayed and/ or
shortened and congestion related traffic accidents are highly reduced.
Freeway ramp meters are often used in conjunction with preferential High Occupancy Vehicles
( HOV) non- metered lanes in District 7, to provide time saving incentives for use of carpool,
vanpools and public transit.
There are three different modes of freeway ramp metering:
• Non- traffic responsive ( fixed rate) mode- the ramp meter is programmed to operate at
designated time intervals (“ time of day”) with fixed metering rates ( vehicles per
minutes). Using historical traffic data, traffic engineers determine the time periods and
metering rates in advance. The parameters are then entered into the ramp meter controller
( microprocessor) either by remote connection or directly at the field location.
• Traffic responsive mode- the local ramp meter controller adjusts ramp metering rates
based on real time mainline traffic flow parameters ( occupancy and volume) and on
programmed parameters ( minimum metering rates, queue loop threshold, etc.) selected
by the traffic engineer. Vehicle detectors collect the real time traffic flow parameters. The
vehicle detectors, usually inductive loops embedded into the pavement, are located
upstream from the on ramp. Local ramp vehicle detection is used by the controller to
provide an effective and safe operation under a wide variety of traffic conditions.
• Central control mode- the central system, in conjunction with the local ramp controllers
determine, ramp meter rates based on freeway mainline real time traffic flow parameters
( speed, saturation density, volumes). The central computer may modify the local
controller metering rate by generating more/ less restrictive rates from downstream ramp
meter locations. The central control system also permits,
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
• monitoring of an entire series of ramp meter locations from a remote central
location
• convenient reprogramming of the local controllers from a remote central
location
• manual intervention to override the program for any given ramp in the event
of unusual conditions.
At the present, District 7 is testing and evaluating a central control system called System
Wide Area Ramp Metering ( SWARM). The goal is to implement this central ramp metering
control throughout the District.
Note: Most of the writings on this section are excerpts from the Internet articles titled: TMS
Baseline Inventory – June 30, 2001 FREEWAY RAMP METERS and RAMP METERS
CENTRAL SYSTEM
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
CHAPTER 1
TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT CENTER ( TMC)
The District 7 Transportation Management Center ( TMC) is located in the Caltrans District
Office Building in Downtown Los Angeles. It is a state- of- the- art technologically advanced
focal point for maximizing traffic flow on the vast Los Angeles and Ventura County freeway
system. Caltrans and the California Highway Patrol ( CHP) jointly operate the Center.
The TMC is used to manage the freeway transportation system. Functions of the TMC include:
• Ramp metering system - control the entry of vehicles onto freeways via traffic signals,
thereby limiting freeway volumes. This in turn optimizes vehicle density and speed, and
reduces traffic congestion. Ramp metering system is the responsibility of the Ramp
Metering Branch, along with TMC Support and Electrical Maintenance.
• Freeway surveillance equipment - provides essential traffic data to the TMC for early
detection of incidents and locates areas of congestion. The primary means of obtaining
traffic flow data is through wire loops embedded in freeway lanes and ramps. These
include Vehicle Detection Stations ( VDS) for mainline surveillance and Ramp Metering
Stations ( RMS) for on/ off ramp surveillance. Freeway surveillance equipment is the
responsibility of the Ramp Metering Branch, along with TMC Support and Electrical
Maintenance.
• Closed circuit television ( CCTV) cameras - with zoom capabilities are used to confirm
the exact location, nature and severity of freeway incidents.
• Changeable message signs ( CMS) - are TMC controlled signs located at key points on the
freeway system. The TMC updates the display of the CMS messages to provide
motorists with real- time traffic information and amber alerts.
• Highway Advisory Radio ( HAR) - is a short- range broadcast radio with transmitters
located within the freeway right of way to provide motorists with advanced informational
messages. HAR messages are remotely activated from TMC.
• CHP computer- aided dispatch ( CAD) - is a computer database of freeway incidents. The
TMC has direct access to the California Highway Patrol's CAD system so staff can check
on existing incidents or enter new information as it becomes available.
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
• Freeway Service Patrol ( FSP) - is a fleet of tow trucks co- managed by Caltrans and the
CHP, in partnership with the Metropolitan Transportation Authority ( MTA). The trucks
patrol the freeways continuously during rush- hour traffic and provide rapid removal of
disabled vehicles. Services provided at no charge include: changing flat tires, jump
starting a vehicle, refilling a radiator and patching leaky hoses, placing a gallon of fuel in
an empty gas tank, and towing disabled vehicles to designated drop zones.
• Freeway call boxes - are located on freeways in both Los Angeles and Ventura Counties.
Motorists use the call boxes to report car problems, i. e., flat tires, leaking radiators, no
gas, traffic accidents, stalled cars, etc. Calls can then be directed to the FSP.
ADVANCED TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ( ATMS)
The Advanced Transportation Management System ( ATMS) is a computer workstation designed
to assist in collection and disseminating of traffic information in order to effectively manage the
existing Caltrans District 7 transportation system. There are several ATMS workstations in the
TMC, four of which are used exclusively by the Ramp Metering Branch.
The ATMS provides access to the field RMS and VDS. It provides data showing freeway
mainline, and on/ off ramp volumes, speed and occupancies. Meter rates and other ramp meter
configurations can be changed through ATMS. Historical data can be obtained to analyze the
efficiency of the freeway system.
The ATMS provides speed data for most of District 7 freeways. This data can be displayed on
the ATMS workstations or placed on the TMC Freeway Operations Status display. This display
is a large wall projection screen inside of the TMC, which shows District 7 freeway system and
the real time operational speed ( by color) at each VDS location.
Each field RMS and VDS is operated by a “ 170” controller ( microprocessor) inside a cabinet.
The controller program is called RAM MAP, which is provided by the Ramp Metering Branch
personnel. See Attachment A.
The ATMS works on RAM MAPS. The RAM MAPS tell the “ 170” controllers how and when
to operate. Changes to the RAM MAPS can be done in the field or through the ATMS
workstation.
In order for the RMS, VDS and ATMS to operate properly, the following two items are required.
1. The “ 170” controller program ( RAM MAPS): Needs to have the correct ramp configuration
( number of freeway lanes, number of ramp lanes, identify the type of freeway and ramp loops,
etc.).
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
• The RAMP MAPS should be updated when a construction project or any change affects
the ramp/ freeway configuration ( freeway widening, adding mainline or ramp carpool
lanes, etc.).
• In addition, when a mainline or on- ramp loop is not working properly, the area engineer
should evaluate if the loop needs to be disabled in the “ 170” controller program.
Occasionally, a malfunctioning loop will affect the correct operation of the ramp meter
and/ or the TMC Freeway Operations Status display.
2. Loop detector sensitivity: Loop detector sensitivity needs to be set correctly, since
TMC/ ATMS data are affected by this item, particularly freeway speed calculations. Electrical
Maintenance should set the sensor sensitivity per the sensor manufacturer recommendations. See
APPENDIX A.
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
CHAPTER 2
RAMP METERING BRANCH RESPONSIBILITIES
• Periodically, conduct High Occupancy Vehicles ( HOV) lane occupancy counts to obtain
the violation rate. High violation rates shall be reported to the CHP for enforcement
purposes. Should be done at least once a year at those locations where a high HOV lane
violation rate has been observed.
• Obtain data from ATMS and develop an operational study for each freeway. The results
from the operational study shall be used to develop plans for operational improvement
projects where needed, and to revise ramp meter rates and turn on/ off times. These
studies should be conducted every year, if possible.
• Review Project Study Reports ( PSR), Project Reports ( PR) and Plans Specifications and
Estimate ( PS & E) to ensure that metering equipment will be installed properly in the
project. This includes HOV bypass lanes, safe locations for the controller cabinet, and all
the proper equipment necessary for the ramp meter system. Loops are in the correct lanes
and properly placed. Ramp storage is adequate to handle demands.
• Conduct a yearly inventory of missing or defective equipment ( loop detectors, freeway
and ramp loops, etc.), at each RMS and VDS locations and submit this inventory to TMC
Support and/ or Electrical Maintenance. The collected information is included in the
Ramp Metering Development Plan developed by District 7 Ramp Metering Branch, per
Caltrans Ramp Metering Policy Procedures. See Attachment B.
• Periodically conduct Queue and Demand ( Q and D) counts to monitor and/ or make
adjustments to the existing ramp meter operations. These counts should be done on a
continuous basis. The area engineer should set the frequency of the Q and D counts ( at
least once a year, if possible; before and after construction projects). Some ramp meter
traffic complaint investigation should include a Q and D count.
• Investigate ramp meter complaints and inquiries generated in- house and by private
citizens by checking ATMS data, field review, Q& D counts, HOV occupancy counts,
etc., as needed. Answers should be responded to in a timely manner.
• Provide at each RMS and VDS cabinet location, a copy of the latest RAM MAP, Loop
Detector Sensor Layout Sheet and As Built Plans. This allows any authorized personnel
working at the Ramp Meter cabinet to do the work efficiently. See Attachment A.
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
• Conduct field “ ramp meter surveillance”.
1. Office Work ( Before going to the field)
Ramp Metering personnel should periodically use the ATMS to check the following:
• Loops operation/ malfunction
•
•
Communication ( phone lines) between the “ 170” controller and the ATMS/ TMC
Freeway operations ( bottleneck, speed, etc.)
If the ATMS shows that there is an equipment malfunction in the field, Ramp Metering
personnel should use the ATMS and immediately check:
• “ 170” Controller program ( RAM MAP)
• Status of the loops ( failed hard failed, etc.)
• Status of the location ( location was turned off by TMC personnel, under
construction, etc.)
• Other ( use the ATMS* features to try to solve the problem)
* ATMS has many features that give clues of what the problem maybe, possibly
avoiding a trip to the field.
2. Field Surveillance
While in the field conducting ramp meter/ freeway surveillance, if the location seems to
be operating properly, Ramp Metering personnel should use the guidelines below.
Otherwise refer to Chapter 3, Ramp Metering Branch Field Procedure.
•
•
•
Time the ramp meter cycle with a stopwatch and check it against the scheduled time
of day ( TOD) table cycle. If the location is in traffic responsive mode, the cycle
shall be equal or less than the TOD cycle.
Observe the queue length and the ramp meter operation during different traffic
conditions to evaluate if the existing ramp meter program ( RAM MAP) needs any
changes. See Attachment C.
Look for damaged/ malfunctioning equipment, missing signs, stripping, etc.
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
3. Office work ( After Field Surveillance)
• Report to Electrical Maintenance any equipment malfunction ( burned out lights,
knocked down ramp meter heads/ meter on signs, etc.). See Attachment C.
Report to Maintenance Department any knocked down traffic signs, graffiti on
signs/ structures, overgrown trees blocking ramp meters or signs, etc. that are located
within the State right of way.
•
• Report to the Traffic Investigation Department unsafe traffic conditions that they
need to be aware, like off ramp traffic backing up to the freeway mainline lanes, etc.
• Report to Maintenance Special Crews of any worn out or missing stripping, signs,
etc.
Notes:
Telephone line ( communication) problems should be brought to the attention of TMC
Support.
•
•
•
Whenever Ramp Metering personnel cannot “ fix” the ramp meter malfunction, TMC Support
or Electrical Maintenance should be immediately informed.
Every time a RMS or a VDS is found to be malfunctioning, it should be “ Logged”, in the
Freeway Surveillance Form book. See Attachment C.
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
CHAPTER 3
RAMP METERING BRANCH
FIELD PROCEDURE
General Note: Please, refer to the pictures of the “ 170” controller cabinet on page
21 and to APPENDIX A and B, while reading this chapter.
“ 170” CONTROLLER BASE DISPLAY
The LCD display of the “ 170” controller must be turned “ on” to access the ramp meter
program. The display is turned on by pressing any one of the following controller’s keys, “ A”,
“ B”, “ C”, “ D”, “ 4”, “ 5” or “ 6”. The display will show what is known as the “ Base Display”.
See Appendix B.
Pressing “ E” ( when the display is off), will turn the LCD display on, showing the “ date”
( version) of the software installed in the controller. To switch the LCD display from the “ date”
( version) mode to the Base Display, the “ stop timing” toggle switch has to be reset. This switch
is located on the faceplate of the controller.
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
INPUTTING TIME AND DATE
( KEY “ 8” PROCEDURE)
Note: This procedure is used to input the correct time of day, date and day of week in the “ 170”
controller program.
Suppose the correct time is 13: 05 and the correct date is 07- 27- 02, Thursday.
1. Press “ 8” to change time of day and date and day of week. Time of day is going to display. If
correct go to 3. If not go to 2.
2. Press “ 1”, “ 3”, “ 0”, and “ 5” to input 13: 05.
3. Press “ E” to enter. Date is going to display. If correct, go to 5. If not, go to 4.
4. Press “ 0”,“ 7”, “ 2”, “ 7”, “ 0”, and “ 2” to input 07- 27- 02.
5. Press “ E” to enter. The controller is going to display the day of the week.
6. If the day of week is correct, go to the next step. Otherwise, press “ 1” for Monday, “ 2” for
Tuesday, “ 3” for Wednesday, “ 4” for Thursday, “ 5” for Friday, “ 6” for Saturday and “ 7” for
Sunday. ( Example: Press “ 4” for Thursday).
7. Press “ E” to enter and to get back to the Base Display.
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
INPUTTING TIME OF DAY ( TOD) TABLE
( KEY “ 9” PROCEDURE)
Note: This procedure is used to input in the “ 170” controller, the TOD Table which consist of the
days and time of day of ramp meter operations and the metering rates.
1. Press “ 9” to get to the Time of Day ( TOD) Table. Display is going to show the 1st time
of day interval ( starting time of metering) entry. If the time is correct, press “ E”. Go to 3
or 4.
2. If not, input the correct metering time ( military time) and then press “ E”. Go to 3 or 4.
3. Press “ A” to advance to the next time of day interval ( 2, 3, 4…) at which the TOD is
going to be changed. If the time is not correct, input the right time then press “ E”.
4. The display moves to the metering rate ( total number of vehicles/ minute) for that time
of day interval. If the rate is correct, press “ E”. Otherwise, input the rate “ 00” = to turn
off the meter, “ 01”= steady green light, any other number= metering rate ( from 03 to 15
for single metered lane, 1 vehicle per cycle) then press “ E”. Go to 3 or 5.
5. Display is going to show the days of week when metering is programmed for that
particular time of day interval. If the entries are not correct go to 6, otherwise go to 3.
6. Controller lights ( bits) 1 to 7 indicate the day of week that the meter should be in
operation (“ 1” for Monday, “ 2” for Tuesday, “ 3” for Wednesday, “ 4” for Thursday,
“ 5” for Friday, “ 6” for Saturday and “ 7” for Sunday). By pressing the controller
numbered keypad ( on/ off), the correct metering day is enabled. Once the entries are
correct go to 3 or press “ E”.
7. Display is going to show “ FFFF”, indicating special features (“ 1” for External Device1,
“ 2” for External Device2, “ 3” for Number of vehicles per cycle plan B, “ 4” for critical
volume plan B). By pressing the controller numbered keypad ( on/ off), the correct feature
is enabled. Once the entries are correct go to 3 or press “ E” to get out of the TOD table
mode and back to the base display.
NOTES:
• If “ F” is pressed at any time during this procedure, the last entry made will not be
recorded and the program will get out of the TOD table mode and back to the base
display. “ E” must be pressed for the program to accept any new entry.
The last entry on the TOD Table must be “ 3333” ( a terminator), which indicates to the program
that this is the end of the TOD table.
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
RAMP METER IS OPERATING ON A STEADY GREEN
( WITH FREEWAY MAINLINE CONGESTION)
1. Check if the mainline loops’ detector sensor lights are blinking as vehicles pass
over the mainline loops. This indicates that the sensor is detecting mainline traffic. If
the sensor is working, go to 2.
If the loop detector sensor’s lights are off, check if the sensor is turned “ On”. If it is
“ On”, then try to reset it and/ or check that the sensor sensitivity setting is correct. See
APPENDIX A.
As a last resort, pull the loop detector sensor out and plug it back in. Sometimes the
sensor connection is bad or dirty and this will correct this problem. If the sensor starts
to work, go to 7. If the sensor does not work, go to 8.
2. Go to address “ 0D4”, to check the status of the mainline loops in the controller
( mainline loops must be enabled at address “ 0F6”). The controller’s LCD display
should show ( blink) the number of the lane as the vehicles pass over the mainline
loops. If address “ 0D4” does not show the lane number, go to 8.
3. Check if address “ 090” ( manual ramp metering) have a “ 255” entry ( normal
metering). If the entry is correct, go to 4. If the entry is “ 1” ( steady green), then most
likely, that is the reason of the problem. Input “ 255” in this address. Go to 7.
4. Check the values of addresses “ 088” and “ 08A”. Values should be per RAM MAP
placed inside the cabinet. If not, input the correct values. Go to 7.
5. Check the value of address “ 3B4” ( 3 minutes average mainline traffic volume). The
software updates this value every 30 seconds. If the value does not change, go to 8.
6. As the last resource, go to address “ 3E0”. Zero out this address, to reinitialize the
program. Then, you must input the RAM MAP information including the Time of
Day ( TOD) Table. If the problem is fixed, go to 7. If the ramp meter is still operating
on steady green, go to 8
7. Observe the ramp meter operation for enough time, to ensure that it is operating
per the RAM MAP. If the meter does not operate properly, go to 8.
8. Report this and any other ramp meter operational problem to Electrical
Maintenance and/ or TMC Support.
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
RAMP METER IS OFF ( BLACK)
1. Open Police/ Light Switch Door on the side of the “ 170” controller cabinet. Check the
status of the Signal Light Toggle Switch. This switch turn on / off the ramp meter signal
lights. Check if this switch is on the “ On” or “ Off” position. If the switch is on the “ Off”
position, turn it “ On” ( for safety reasons, the on ramp should be clear of any traffic when
the light switch is turned on). If the meter signal lights turn on, go to 12. Otherwise go to
2.
2. For safety reasons, position the Signal Light Toggle Switch to the “ Off” position before
proceeding with any other work on the “ 170” controller.
3. Open the cabinet.
REMINDER: For safety reasons, on step 2, the signal lights were turned “ Off”. The
meter signal lights must be turned “ On”, after each step ( from 4 to 11) is performed, to
check if the lights are working. First, verify that the ramp is clear of traffic, then position
the Signal Light Toggle Switch to “ On” position and wait for at least 1 cycle or 30
seconds.
4. Check if the controller has power by observing if the loop detector sensor lights are
blinking, or by turning on the controller’s LCD display ( Refer to “ 170” Controller Base
Display Instructions). If there is no power in the cabinet, go to 13. If the controller has
power, go to 5.
5. Check if the Watch Dog Switch ( WDS) light ( lower rack) is on. If this light is on, the
WDS need to be reset. Reset it by pressing the reset button if equipped with one or by
flipping the toggle switch on and off. If the meter signals lights turn on, go to 12. If the
WDS cannot be reset ( light keeps turning on), go to 13. If the WDS light was not on, go
to 6.
6. Go to address “ 0F4” and check if bit “ 1” is enabled ( on). This bit turns on the controller
program. If, bit “ 1” was already enabled, go to7. If it was not on, press key “ 1” to enable
it. If the meter signal lights turn on, go to12. Otherwise, go to7.
7. Check the controller’s calendar ( Time of Day, Date, and Day of the Week) using Key
“ 8” Procedure. If the calendar information is correct, go to 8. If the meter signal lights
turn on after the calendar is corrected, go to12. If the lights do not turn on, go to 8.
8. Check Time of the Day ( TOD) Table, using Key “ 9” Procedure. Follow the RAM
MAP information to check: time of day of metering, meter rates, day of the week of
metering, etc. If the information in the TOD table is correct, go to 9. If the meter signals
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DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
lights turn on, after the TOD table is corrected, go to12. If the lights do not turn on, go to
9.
9. Check if the Holiday Table, the “ A” column ( addresses from “ 0A0” to “ 0AF”) of the
program has the correct entries per RAM MAP. If the meter location operates on traffic
responsive mode, the entries at these addresses should be zeroes ( meter will be on during
holidays). If the meter location does not operate on traffic responsive mode, the current
year holidays should be in ( meter will be off during the programmed holidays). If the
information in the Holiday Table is correct, go to10. If the meter signal lights turn on,
after the Holiday Table is corrected, go to 12. If the lights do not turn on, go to 10.
10. Check addresses from “ 0E8” to “ 0EF”. These addresses contain active error flags after
the program performs different internal tests. On occasions, by clearing the storage
entries in these addresses, the meter will start to operate per the RAM MAP. To clear the
entries in any of these addresses, input a “ 0”. If these addresses were already cleared, go
to 11. If the meter signals lights turn on, after the addresses are cleared, go to 12. If the
lights do not turn on, go to11.
11. As the last resource, go to address “ 3E0”. Zero out this address, to reinitialize the
program. Then, you must input the RAM MAP information including the TOD Table.
If the problem is fixed, go to 12. If the ramp meter signals lights are still off, go to 13.
12. Observe the ramp meter operation for enough time, to ensure that it is operating
per the RAM MAP. If the meter does not operate properly, go to the next step.
13. Report this and any other ramp meter operational problem to Electrical Maintenance
and/ or TMC Support.
Page 15
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
RAMP METER IS OPERATING ON “ PRE- TIME” MODE
( CYCLING WITHOUT ANY VEHICLE AT THE DEMAND LOOP)
NOTE: Most likely, the Pre- time condition is due to the demand loop detector “ locking
up”.
1. Check if the Demand ( D) loop detector sensor light blinks as vehicles pass over the D
loop. This indicates that the sensor is detecting the presence of vehicles. If the detector is
working, go to 2 ( Reminder: Loop detector sensor needs to be turned “ On”).
If the D loop detector sensor’s light is steady on (“ locked up”), then try to reset the loop
detector sensor and/ or check is the sensor’s sensitivity setting is correct. See APPENDIX
A. If the detector starts to work and the ramp meter go off the pre- time mode, go to 5. If
the meter stays operating in “ pre- time” mode, go to 2.
As a last resort, pull the loop detector sensor out and plug it back in. Sometimes the loop
detector sensor connection is bad or dirty and this will correct this problem. If the sensor
does not work, go to 6. If the sensor starts to work and the ramp meter go off the “ pre-time”
mode, go to 5. If the meter stays operating in “ pre- time” mode, go to 2.
2. Go to address “ 0D6” to check the status of the D loop in the controller. The controller's
LCD display shows when the D loop detects a vehicle by displaying ( blinking) a number
( D loop must be enabled at address “ 0F8”). The D loop is represented by a number “ 1”.
Simultaneously, the controller bits ( lights) located on the controller’s faceplate will blink.
If address “ 0D6” does not show a number “ 1”, go to 6. If the LCD display shows a solid
number “ 1”, that means that the D loop detector is “ locked up”, go to 1. If the display
shows a blinking number “ 1”, but the location is still operating in “ pre- time” mode, go to
3.
3. Check address “ 0F5” and verify that bits “ 5”(“ pre- time” red) and “ 6” (“ pre- time” green)
are not enabled. Enabling these bits trigger the controller to operate on a “ pre- time” mode
( that is, the ramp meter will cycle red and green with or without traffic on the ramp). This
mode is used only when Ramp Meter personnel is aware of a D and/ or P loop
malfunction and wants to operate the meter.
If bit “ 5” and/ or “ 6” are set ( and they are not wanted on), then zero out these bits
( on/ off). If the ramp meter go off the “ pre- time” mode, go to 5. If the meter is still
operating on “ pre- time” go to 4.
4. As a last resort, go to address “ 3E0”. Zero out this address, to reinitialize the program.
Then, you must input the RAM MAP information including the Time of Day ( TOD)
Table. If the problem is fixed, go to 5. If the ramp meter is still operating on “ pre- time”
mode, go to 6.
Page 16
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
5. Observe the ramp meter operation for enough time, to ensure that it is operating
per the RAM MAP. If the meter does not operate properly, go to the next step.
6. Report this and any other ramp meter operational problem to Electrical Maintenance
and/ or TMC Support.
Be aware that if the D and P loops are “ locked up” at the same time, the ramp meter will
operate on “ pre- time” mode, too. The D loop “ locking up” will trigger the green light
without any vehicles at the demand loop.
Page 17
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
RAMP METER IS STUCK ON RED
( RAMP METER DOES NOT TURN GREEN WHEN VEHICLES ARRIVE AT THE
DEMAND LOOP)
NOTE: Most likely, this condition is due to the demand loop failing to detect the
presence of the vehicles.
1. Check if the Demand ( D) loop detector sensor light blinks as vehicles pass over the D
loop. This indicates that the sensor is detecting the presence of vehicles. If the sensor is
working, go to 2.
If the D loop detector sensor’s light is off, check if the sensor is turned “ On”. If it is
“ On”, then try to reset the sensor and/ or check if the sensor’s sensitivity setting is
correct. See APPENDIX A. If the sensor starts to work and the ramp meter starts to
meter, go to 4. If the meter stays stuck on red, go to 2.
As a last resort, pull the loop detector sensor out and plug it back in. Sometimes the
sensor connection is bad or dirty and this will correct this problem. If the sensor does not
work, go to 5. If the detector starts to work and the ramp meter starts to meter, go to 4. If
the ramp meter stays stuck on red, go to 2.
2. Go to address “ 0D6” to check the status of the D loop in the controller. The controller's
LCD display shows when the D loop detects a vehicle by displaying ( blinking) a number
( D loop must be enabled at address “ 0F8”). The D loop is represented by a number “ 1”.
Simultaneously, the controller bits ( lights) located on the controller’s faceplate will blink.
If address “ 0D6” does not show a number “ 1”, go to 5. If the LCD display shows a
blinking number “ 1”, but the ramp meter is stuck on red, go to the next step.
3. As a last resort, go to address “ 3E0”. Zero out this address, to reinitialize the program.
Then, you must input the RAM MAP information including the Time of Day ( TOD)
Table. If the problem is fixed, go to 4. If the ramp meter is still stuck on red, go to 5.
4. Observe the ramp meter operation for enough time, to ensure that it is operating
per the RAM MAP. If the meter does not operate properly, go to the next step.
5. Report this and any other ramp meter operational problem to Electrical Maintenance
and/ or TMC Support.
Be aware that if the D and P loops fail at the same time, the ramp meter will get stuck on
red, too. The D loop failing to detect the presence of vehicles will not trigger the beginning
of a cycle ( green light).
Page 18
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
MAXIMUM GREEN TIME ON EVERY CYCLE
( EVEN THOUGH VEHICLES ALREADY PASSED OVER THE PASSAGE LOOP)
NOTE: Most likely, this condition is due to the passage loop failing to detect the
presence of the vehicles.
Before you start this procedure, be aware of the RAM MAP programmed
values for the maximum and minimum green light time at addresses “ 086” and
“ 09B”, respectively.
1. Check if the Passage ( P) loop detector sensor light blinks as vehicles pass over the P
loop. This indicates that the sensor is detecting the presence of vehicles. If the sensor is
working, go to 2.
If the P loop detector sensor’s light is off, check if the sensor is turned “ On”. If it is
“ On”, then try to reset the sensor and/ or check if the sensor’s sensitivity setting is
correct. See APPENDIX A. If the detector starts to work and the ramp meter starts to
meter properly, go to 4. If the green light time is still the maximum, go to 2.
As a last resort, pull the loop detector sensor out and plug it back in. Sometimes the
sensor connection is bad or dirty and this will correct this problem. If the sensor does not
work, go to 5. If the sensor starts to work and the ramp meter starts to meter properly, go
to 4. If the green light time is still the maximum, go to 2.
2. Go to address “ 0D6” to check the status of the P loop in the controller. The controller's
LCD display shows when the P loop detects a vehicle by displaying ( blinking) a number
( P loop must be enabled at address “ 0F8”). The P loop is represented by a number “ 2”.
Simultaneously, the controller bits ( lights) located on the controller’s faceplate will blink.
If address “ 0D6” does not show a number “ 2”, go to 5. If the LCD display shows a
blinking number “ 2”, but the green light time is still the maximum, go to the next step.
3. As a last resort, go to address “ 3E0”. Zero out this address, to reinitialize the program.
Then, you must input the RAM MAP information including the Time of Day ( TOD)
Table. If the problem is fixed, go to 4. If the green light time is still the maximum, go to
5.
4. Observe the ramp meter operation for enough time, to ensure that it is operating
per the RAM MAP. If the meter does not operate properly, go to the next step.
5. Report this and any other ramp meter operational problem to Electrical Maintenance
and/ or TMC Support.
Be aware that if the D and P loops fail at the same time, the ramp meter will get stuck on
red. The D loop failing to detect the presence of vehicles will not trigger the beginning of a
cycle ( green light).
Page 19
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
MINIMUM GREEN TIME ON EVERY CYCLE
( EVEN THOUGH VEHICLES HAVE NOT PASSED OVER THE PASSAGE LOOP TO
TERMINATE THE GREEN TIME)
NOTE: Most likely, this condition is due to the passage loop detector “ locking up”.
Before you start this procedure, be aware of the RAM MAP programmed
values for the maximum and minimum green light time at addresses “ 086” and
“ 09B”, respectively.
1. Check if the Passage ( P) loop detector sensor light blinks as vehicles pass over the P
loop. This indicates that the sensor is detecting the presence of vehicles. If the detector is
working, go to 2 ( Reminder: Loop detector sensor needs to be turned “ On”).
If the P loop detector sensor’s light is steady on (“ locked up”), then try to reset the
detector and/ or check if the sensor’s sensitivity setting is correct. See APPENDIX A. If
the sensor starts to work and the ramp meter starts to meter properly, go to 4. If the green
light time is still the minimum, go to 2.
As a last resort, pull the loop detector sensor out and plug it back in. Sometimes the
sensor connection is bad or dirty and this will correct this problem. If the sensor does not
work, go to 5. If the sensor starts to work and the ramp meter starts to meter properly, go
to 4. If the green time is still the minimum, go to 2.
2. Go to address “ 0D6” to check the status of the P loop in the controller. The controller's
LCD display shows when the P loop detects a vehicle by displaying ( blinking) a number
( P loop must be enabled at address “ 0F8”). The P loop is represented by a number “ 2”.
Simultaneously, the controller bits ( lights) located on the controller’s faceplate will blink.
If address “ 0D6” does not show a number “ 2”, go to 5. If the LCD display shows a solid
number “ 2”, that means that the loop detector is “ locked up”, go to 1. If the display
shows a blinking number “ 2”, but green light time is still the minimum, go to 3.
3. As a last resort, go to address “ 3E0”. Zero out this address, to reinitialize the program.
Then, you must input the RAM MAP information including the Time of Day ( TOD)
Table. If the problem is fixed, go to 4. If green time is still the minimum, go to 5.
4. Observe the ramp meter operation for enough time, to ensure that it is operating
per the RAM MAP. If the meter does not operate properly, go to the next step.
5. Report this and any other ramp meter operational problem to Electrical Maintenance
and/ or TMC Support.
Be aware that if the D and P loops are “ locked up” at the same time, the ramp meter will
operate on “ pre- time” mode. The D loop “ locking up” will trigger the green light without
the presence of any vehicles at the demand loop.
Page 20
RAMP METER CONTROLLER CABINET
“ 170” Controller
Key Pad & LCD Display
Loop Detector Sensors Input File
Loop Detector Sensors
Light
Switch
Power Distribution Assembly
Police\ Light Switch Panel
“ 170” Controller Cabinet
Watchdog Switch Page 21
Stop/ Timing
Toggle Switch
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
ATTACHMENT A
• RAM MAP
( Page “ 00XY” & TOD Table)
• LOOP DETECTOR SENSOR LAYOUT SHEET
• AS- BUILTS PLAN
Page 22
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Notes:
• Ramp Metering personnel are responsible for the creation, placement and up- keep of
these documents ( RAM MAP, Loop Detector Sensor Layout Sheet and As- Built
plans).
• These documents must be placed inside every RMS and VDS cabinet in the District.
Page 23
P. M.
33 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
GETADD DATA CHARCT SCTML1 TEMP00 CYLEN RXSTST FIRGR FMNL HOLTBL CFTRR TBCNT2 DATA0A DATA1A
0 60 255 00 0
"+ 1" BLKOUT SPCOUT SCTML2 TEMP01 DCNTR TXSTAT FYELL FLSHR Q1CYTMR ACKFLG DATA0B DATA1B
1 3.0 00 0 0 1
PUTADD PGADD MODE SCTML3 TEMP02 PCNTR TXINIT PLTYEL LASTGR ETBFLG DATA0C DATA1C
2 0.0 60 2
"+ 1" WDADD CHARIN SCTML4 TEMP03 YCNTR INCTR LNGYEL PHYSML GOODML PADFLG DATA0D DATA1D
3 3.0 03 3
EXINDX D1 LASTCB SCTML5 TEMP04 DLETM BTCK PHYSOP GOODOS CARCT1 DETINA STCHGA
4 0.0 00 0 ## 4 1 2 3
"+ 1" D2 TIMEFX SCTML6 TEMP05 PLETM TRCODE QTHRS Q2THRS RLPSEL SPRCNT DETINB STCHGB
5 2.0 0.0 0 ## 5 3
HZ30 D3 HR SCTOS1 TEMP06 GRNTMR CCHK MXGRNA QON MAXRATE ACKMEM DETINC STCHGC
6 5.0 0.0 ## ## 6 1 2 3 7
HZ30+ 1 D4 MIN SCTOS2 TEMP07 QTMR XCCHK MXGRNB Q2ON QMAXRAT "+ 1" DETIND STCHGD
7 0.0 0.0 0 0 7
HZ30+ 2 D5 SEC SCTOS3 TEMP08 CNTR GRFLAG CROCCA QOFF ENDFG1 BLKTMR ERRORA
8 17.0 0.0 00 ## ## 8 1 2 3 4 5 6
HZ30+ 3 D6 YEAR SCTOS4 TEMP09 TIME RBPNTR CROCCB Q2OFF ENDFG2 GRNFLG ERRORB
9 0.0 0.0 ## ## 9 1 5
HZ30+ 4 H1 MONTH SCTOS5 TEMP0A SOURCE "+ 1" CRVOLA XMITFG EXFLAG ERRORC
A 90 A
HZ30+ 5 H2 DAOFMO SCTOS6 TEMP0B RATE TBPNT1 CRVOLB MINGRN SEND1 TXFLGS ERRORD
B 00 2.0 0 0 B
TMFLAG H3 DAOFWK DWNCNT BITSTR MXGRN "+ 1" PSELA CRSPEED TSTFLG ERSETA
C 01 35 0 0 C
BFTMR H4 DIM TLANES CYCLY PSEL TBCNT1 PSELB Q1CYGRN DEFLAG ERSETB
D 00 255 D 1 2 3 4
"+ 1" H5 SSEC LNCNT PCC CRVOL TBPNT2 RLANES Q1MAXSET STSC ERSETC
E 01 15 E
MONITR H6 DAYPTR WDTGGL VLTN CROCC "+ 1" GRNHLD RATESTP REFLAG ERSETD
F 60 02 00 00 F
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
SATMS 2.3 RAM MAP Page " 00XY" 10/ 6/ 2005
" BITS" or " FLAGS"
WB 3.3
RAFAEL BENITEZ
Date
1808
IMPERIAL/ PRAIRIE
Line No.
QFLAG
QSTAT
DPERR
DTCTRC
DTCTRD
ALTDES
LNDSOS
STATUS
SIGFLG
COMM1
COMM2
DTCTRA
DTCTRB
0F
ENBLR
SIGMSK
LNDSML
Controller No. Engineer
Location
E. No
Route Direction
Loc. No.
105
4808
Page 24
Date
Route P. M.
E. No. 3
1 YES
PSELA($ 8C) = 01 MAXGRNA ($ 86) = 5.0 CRVOLA ($ 8A) = 90 CROCCA ($ 88) = 17.0
PSELB($ 8D) = 00 MAXGRNB ($ 87) = 0.0 CRVOLB ($ 8B) = 00 CROCCB ($ 89) = 0.0
INTV Rates Days of the Week
( Veh/ Min) M T W Th F Sa Su
01 08 X X X X X
02 10 X X X X X
03 00 X X X X X
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
1930
3333
( Hrs.)
0530
1400
Time of Day DEV 1
On
No. of Metered Lane( s) HOV Lane
DEV 2
On
( Column A SET)
Platooning Plans
( Column A CLR)
( A)
Platn
( B)
Crvol
RAFAEL BENITEZ
( Column B SET)
Critical Volume/ Occupancy Plans
( Column B CLR)
Engineer
105
4808 33
Direction 3.3 Location
Location No. Line No.
WB
1808
10/ 18/ 2005
Controller No.
IMPERIAL/ PRAIRIE
SATMS 2.3 Time- of- Day ( TOD) Table
Page 25
X HOV
0F8- 6 X CD1
0F8- 7
Descrp Descrp Descrp Descrp
Q2
0F9- 6
CD2
0F7- 7
Descrp Descrp
X Q1
0F8- 3 X
Descrp
X SD3
0F9- 3
Descrp Descrp Descrp
0F1 1 0F6 1 0F8 1 0FB 1
0 02 2 2 2
## # 3 # # 3 0 0 3
0F4 1 X 4 4 4
2 X 5 5 5
0 # 3 X 04 6 6 6
4 7 7 7
5 8 8 8
6
7
0D2 0D4 0D6
0F5 1 # 0F7 1 0F9 1 0FC 1 OS1 Disabler
2 # 2 2 2 OS2 Disabler
0 # 3 X # 0 0 3 # # 3 0 0 3 OS3 Disabler
4 # 4 4 4 OS4 Disabler
5 # 5 5 5 OS5 Disabler
6 6 6 6 OS6 Disabler
7 7 7 Pass Vol Count 7
8 8 8 8
0D3 0D5 0D7
SATMS 2.3 Loop Detector Sensor Layout Sheet
Check ML Speed Before Q- override
Fwy Conn Flag
Main Line 5 X
Enable Q2 or Super Q1 Override
Enable Independent Q2
X
Enable Metering
Queue 1
ON1
X
X
OS2
OF7- 2
X
X
Enable Shutdown Top EMS Failure
Device 1 Flash
Enable Mag. D & P Lock- in
Opp Side 3
Opp Side 4
Opp Side 5
Opp Side 6
Enable Shutdown Bot. EMS Failure
Device 2 Flash
" Meter On" Sign Flash
Enable Load Switch Monitoring
Pre- time Red ( if no Demand Det)
Pre- time Green ( if no Passage Det)
Main Line 4
SLOT # 7
OS5
0F7- 5
ML2
0F6- 2
ML3
0F6- 3
ML6
0F6- 6
SLOT # 14
ML5 X
0F6- 5
OS4
OF7- 4
SLOT # 10
OFF1
0F8- 5
OS1
OF7- 1
CD ON
OF8- 8
ON1
0F8- 4
SD4
0F9- 4
P1
0F8- 2
D1
0F8- 1
SLOT # 6
X
X
X
SD5
0F9- 5
X
X
X
SLOT # 5
HAWTHORNE OFF
Main Line 1
CD OFF
0F7- 8
SLOT # 3
PRAIRIE OFF
SLOT # 1
Main Line 6
ML HOV Flag
Main Line 2
Main Line 3
Enable Device 1
Enable Device 2
Enable Local Responsive
Enable Q1 Override
( Not Used)
X
Opp Side 2
Opp Side 1
SD5
SD1
SD2
X
SLOT # 2 SLOT # 4
RAMP HOV
X
ML1
0F6- 1
ML4 Disabler
SLOT # 12
SLOT # 11
OS6
0F7- 6
X
( Not Used)
ML5 Disabler
ML6 Disabler
( Not Used)
Queue 2
ML4
0F6- 4
ML1 Disabler
ML2 Disabler
SLOT # 13
ML3 Disabler
( Not Used)
SLOT # 9
Ramp HOV
CD1
Demand
Passage
( Not Used)
OFF1
E. No. Controller No.
SD1
0F9- 1
SD2
0F9- 2
ML HOV
OS3
OF7- 3
4808 Location No. Engineer
IMPERIAL/ PRAIRIE
1808 33 3 RAFAEL BENITEZ
Route 105 Direction WB P. M. 3.3 Location
CD OFF
CD2
CD ON
Date 10/ 18/ 2005
Line No.
SLOT # 8
ML HOV
X HAWTHORNE OFF
SD3
SD4
Page 26
SD5
Off to
Hawthorne
Blvd
SD1
ML HOV
FWY HOV LN ( Stripped out Area)
WB
OFF1 - OFF to Prairie Ave
FWY OPS
Traffic Engineer: Rafael Benitez
( 213) 897- 1666
NOTE: REDUCED COPY OF AS- BUILT
FIELD AS- BUILTS SHOULD BE 11” X17”.
LA- 105- WB PM 3.30
AT PRAIRIE/ IMPERIAL
Page 27
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
ATTACHMENT B
RAMP METER INVENTORY
FIELD FORM
Page 28
DIST. CO. RTE DIR. PM
07 LA
FROM TO
FROM TO
SA FROM TO
SU FROM TO
NO YES LT RT
NO YES LT RT NO YES
YES NO
LT RT
YES NO
YES NO
DMD ML 1 SD 1 OS 1
PAS ML 2 SD 2 OS 2
QUE ML 3 SD 3 OS 3
ON ML 4 SD 4 OS 4
OFF ML 5 SD 5 OS 5
HOV ML 6 QUE 2 OS 6
CD 1 CD 2
CD ON CD OFF
W: WORKING NW: NOT WORKING ?: UNCERTAIN
FIELD REVIEW AND COMMENTS
VEH/ CY.
MIN. RATE
OPERATION OF METERED LANE( S)
HOV & PULLOUT INFORMATION
LOOPS INVENTORY
SUPERVISOR
M - F
INVESTIGATOR DATE DATE
RAMP TYPE
NO. OF LANES AT ENTRANCE
NO. OF LANES AT METER AM METERING
PM METERING
RAMP METER INVENTORY FIELD FORM
AM METERING
PM METERING
E # LOCATION
RAMP STORAGE ( VEH.)
RECOMMENDATIONS
CHP PULLOUT AREA
STRIPING
COMMENTS
HOV LANE LOCATION
SIGNING
" METER ON" SIGN ( LOC.)
FLASHING BEACON ( LOC.)
MAX. RATE
MAINTENANCE PULLOUT
RAMP HOV LANE
PLATOON METERING
Page 29
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
ATTACHMENT C
FREEWAY SURVEILLANCE FORM
Page 30
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
The Freeway Surveillance Form ( see next page) provides a log of:
• When the ramp meter malfunction was detected.
• The type of malfunction.
• If Ramp Metering personnel fixed the malfunction or it was “ Called in” to
the Electrical Maintenance and/ or TMC Support.
• A malfunction / repair history by location.
Page 31
DATE:____________ DAY:____________ NAME( S):____________________________________
LOCATION LNS TIME METER QUEUE COMMENTS
1- HOOVER ST 2
2- VERMONT AVE 2
3- NORMANDIE AVE 2
4- WESTERN AVE HOV+ 1
5- ARLINGTON AVE 2
6- CRENSHAW AVE HOV+ 1
7- NB- LA BREA AVE 1
8- SB- LA BREA AVE 2
9- FAIRFAX AVE 1+ HOV
10- LA CIENEGA AVE 2
11- ROBERTSON AVE 2
12- OVERLAND AVE 2
13- CENTINELA AVE 2
14- 20TH ST HOV+ 1
WESTBOUND ROUTE 10 ( SANTA MONICA FWY)
FREEWAY SURVEILLANCE FORM
Page 32
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
APPENDIX A
LOOP DETECTOR SENSORS
RECOMMENDED SETTINGS
Page 33
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
LOOP DETECTOR SENSORS NOTES
• Be aware that not all of the loop detector sensors used in the ramp meter cabinets
are represented in this Appendix. Included are the most common ones used in
District 7. Ramp Metering personnel should contact TMC Support and/ or Electrical
Maintenance Dept. if they encounter a loop detector sensor in the field that is not
included in this Appendix. TMC Support and/ or Electrical Maintenance personnel
should be able to provide the manufacturer recommended sensor setting.
• One of the many Electrical Maintenance personnel responsibilities is to maintain
the ramp meter loop detector sensors in good operating conditions and to set their
sensitivity to the correct recommended manufacturer setting.
• Ramp Metering personnel should have the basic understanding of how the loop
detector sensors work. This will allow Ramp Metering personnel to solve basic
sensor malfunctions and/ or problems, like:
• Sensor “ locking up”
• Recognize wrong sensor ’ s setting
• Recognize when a sensor is “ bad” ( malfunctioning)
• Set the correct sensor’s sensitivity, etc.
Page 34
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Page 35
Introduction to Loop Detector Sensor’s Settings
The generation of speed values from volume/ occupancy measurement is highly dependent on the
sensitivity switch settings found on inductive loop sensors. The sensors contain; on/ off switches,
pulse/ presence switches, frequency switches, sensitivity switches and sometimes reset switches. To
obtain occupancy values, the on position and the presence position are essential. The frequency switch
has not shown to influence occupancy, however the frequency switch can be used to prevent sensor
lockups. The sensitivity switches or dial however have a range of settings. This range of settings can be
used to obtain various occupancy values for the same real- world vehicle/ speed combination. As a direct
consequence of these settings, a real- world free flow average speed of say 58 MPH can be changed into
120 MPH or 30 MPH or various values in between. To obtain the estimated ( calculated) 58 MPH value
from the computer, the sensitivity switch settings must be set in predetermined positions so the correct
occupancy can be generated. This report determines the sensitivity switch settings for various
manufacturers’ sensors.
It is critical that the sensitivity switches be set correctly because if they are not, the ATMS
computer will show speeds that are too high ( over 100 MPH) or too low ( below 30 MPH ) in supposedly
free flow traffic. This data will be invalid for public dissemination ( internet, etc.), traffic studies or say for
a court case.
Additionally, and no less importantly, the speeds are used by the Transportation Management
Center to determine if incidents are occurring in “ real time” by using the Freeway Operations Status Map
Display and or the ATMS computer station. False speed can lead to false Response Team callouts and
will also erode the Operator’s confidence in their use of the data from the field.
One of the objectives of the Office of Freeway Operations is to track the quantity and quality of
the freeway system. That is not only how many vehicles used the system, but also how well the system
operates in terms of speed.
The sensitivity switches must thus be set at or as near to the values recommended. This Appendix
defines those switch settings.
224 CAL/ NY
FREQ
L N
1
CH
RED INDICATOR BULB
4
FREQUENCY
SWITCH
( SET TO ‘ NORMAL’)
SENSITIVITY
SETTING
THUMBWHEEL
CANOGA CONTROLS MODEL P224
224 CAL/ NY
FREQ
H L
4
FREQUENCY
SWITCH
( SET TO ‘ NORMAL’)
CANOGA CONTROLS PROXIMITOR 224
N
8
1
PU8
YELLOW INDICATOR BULB
SENSITIVITY
SETTING
THUMBWHEEL
Page 36
224 DETECTOR
SYSTEMS
MODE SENS FREQ
HI
MED
LO
PRES
PUL
OFF
1
FREQ SWITCH
( SET TO ‘ LO’)
SENS SWITCH
( SET TO ‘ MED’)
MODE SWITCH
( SET TO ‘ PRES’)
RED INDICATOR
BULB
DETECTOR SYSTEMS 224
224
RESET BUTTON
CH1 RED LIGHT BULB
SET TO “ PRS”
SET TO “ LO1”
SET TO “ HI”
SET TO “ FH”
SET TO “ ON”
PRS
LO1
LO2
FL
OFF
PRS
LO1
LO2
FL
OFF
CH2
SEN
SEN
CH4 OC/ HI BUTTON
OC ( SET IN ” OUT”, OR ” HI”)
HI
PLS
OC
HI
FH
ON
PLS
OC
HI
FH
SARASOTA ON
RESET
SARASOTA 224 Page 37
SWITCH
LEFT
SWITCH
RIGHT
CHAN2 SENSE MODE CHAN1
1 2 3 4
SENSE 24
00
MODE 12
00
0 CHAN OFF
1 LONG PRES
2 PULSE
3 MED PRES
0 LOW
1 NORM
2 HIGH
SENSE 24
00
MODE 12
00
1 2 3 4
MOVE THIS SWITCH LAST, AND AFTER
INSTALLING SENSOR.
CHAN3
1 2 3 4
SENSE 24
00
MODE 12
00
CHAN4
1 2 3 4
SENSE 24
00 MODE 12
00
ALL
CHAN
1 2 3 4
0 FREQ 1
0RST S E N S E OPR 1
0 HI LO 2
224
INDICATOR
CONTROLS
CORP.
INDICATOR CONTROLS CORP. 224 LOOP DETECTOR
Page 38
222 1
SENS
HI
MED
LO
PRES
PUL
1 OFF
‘ SENS’ SWITCH
SET TO “ MED” FREQ SWITCH
SET TO “ MED”
MODE SWITCH
SET TO ‘ PRES’
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
LO
LO
LO
PUL
MED
H
H
OP
HI
HI
HI
PRES
LONG
L
L
OFF
FREQ2
FREQ1
SET TO “ HI”
SET TO “ LO”
SET TO “ HI”
SET TO “ PRES”
SET TO “ MED”
SET TO “ H”
SET TO “ H”
SET TO “ OP”
MOVE THIS SWITCH LAST, AND AFTER INSTALLING SENSOR)
DETECTOR SYSTEMS 222
RED INDICATOR BULB
FREQ
MODE
222
S4
S2
S1
DETECTOR SYSTEMS 222
Page 39
PLS
TUNNING KNOB RED INDICATOR BULB
FREQ
PRES
SENS
OUT
TUNE
HI
PRS
HI
OP
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 222
SET TO “ LO”
SET TO “ PRES”
SET TO “ OC”
SET TO “ ON”
TN SET TO “ OP”
OFF
0CC
LO
SET TO “ OC”
SARASOTA 222 “ BLACK”
Page 40
RESET BUTTON
CH1 RED LIGHT BULB
SET TO “ PRS”
SET TO “ LO1”
SET TO “ HI”
SET TO “ FL”
SET TO “ ON”
PRS
LO1
LO2
FL
OFF
PRS
LO1
LO2
FL
OFF
CH2
SEN
SEN
OC/ HI BUTTON
( SET IN ” OUT”, OR ” HI”)
OC
HI
PLS
OC
HI
FH
ON
PLS
OC
HI
FH
ON
RESET
SARASOTA 222
Page 41
222
RESET BUTTON
CH1 RED LIGHT BULB
SET TO “ PR”
SET TO “ 1”
SET TO “ 0”
SET TO “ 4”
SET TO “ FL”
PR
O00
FL
PR
000
FL
CH2
OFF
OFF
PL
124
FH
PL
124
FH
RESET
GP3
SENS SWITCH KEY
MAX SENS= 1+ 2+ 4
CHAN OFF= 0+ 0+ 0
SENS
SENS
SARASOTA 222 GP3
Page 42
FREQ SWITCH
CAN BE CHANGED
TO STOP
CROSS TALKING
Fault
F0
F0
000
PR
F0
F0
000
PR
F1
F2
124
PL
F1
F2
124
PL
RESET
SENS SWITCH KEY
MAX SENS= 1+ 2+ 4
OCC = 0+ 2+ 0
CHAN OFF= 0+ 0+ 0
SENS
SENS
1 Det
Fault 2 Det
Fault 3 Det
F0
F0
000 PR
F0
F0
000
PR
F1
F2
124
PL
F1
F2
124
PL
SENS
SENS
Fault 4 Det 224 SARASOTA
GP5
SENS
SWITCH
1 LT.
2 LT.
4 RT.
PR LT.
SARASOTA GP5 Page 43
FREQ SWITCH
CAN BE CHANGED
TO STOP CROSS TALKING
Fault
F0
F0
000
PR
F0
F0
000
PR
F1
F2
124
PL
F1
F2
124
PL
RESET
SENS SWITCH KEY
MAX SENS= 1+ 2+ 4
OCC = 0+ 2+ 0
CHAN OFF= 0+ 0+ 0
SENS
SENS
1 Det
Fault 2 Det 222 GP5
SARASOTA
SENS
SWITCH
1 LT.
2 LT.
4 RT.
PR LT.
SARASOTA 222 GP5 Page 44
FREQ SWITCH
CAN BE CHANGED
TO STOP CROSS TALKING
421
1
222D
SW ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2
21
SENSE
LEVEL
FREQ
DISABLE
PRES PUL
NOT USED
ON DIP
421 21
SENSE
LEVEL
FREQ
DISABLE
PRES PUL
NOT USED
SENS FREQ
6 = HI 3 = LO
4 =
NORM
2 = MED LO
1 = MED HI
2 = LO 0 = HI
8 SENSE
LEVELS
DETECTOR
SYSTEMS
SENS
SWITCH
1 RT.
2 RT.
4 LT.
PR LT.
DISABLE SWITCH
LT.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON DIP
Detector Systems 222D Page 45
ON
124
PR
LG
12
000
PL
SH
00
1
DET FLT
222
ON
124
PR
LG
12
000
PL
SH
00
2
DET FLT
SENS
7- HI
4- NORM
2- LO
FREQ
3- LO
2- M. LO
1- M. HI
0- HI
YOU CAN CHANGE
FREQ’S TO STOP
CROSS TALKING
SARASOTA 222
Page 46
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
APPENDIX B
SATMS ( ver. 2.3) SOFTWARE
WORKSHOP NOTES*
* This Appendix is the workshop notes of Mr. Liem Phan, TMC Support.
Page 47
DIVISION OF OPERATIONS DISTRICT 7
STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
SATMS* VERSION 2.3
( INTERIM SOFTWARE)
• This section explains in detail how the ramp meter software operates and how the
user input in the program affect the operation of ramp meters. Field personnel
must fully understand the software in order to operate it and be able to detect and
trouble shoot ramp meter malfunctions in the field.
• The software description included in this Manual is the SATMS ver. 2.3, which is
an interim version program developed in CALTRANS District 7. The final
version ( ver. 3.0) will be released by the end of year 2002. This section will be
updated once the final software ( ver. 3.0) is released and field- tested.
* SATMS is an acronym for Semi Automatic Traffic Management System
Page 48
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 1
SATMS Version 2.3
Workshop
October 17, 2001
Page 49
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 2
About This Workshop
􀁺 For Maintenance and Operations ( new
and experienced) personnel to gain
updates on hardware and software
Page 50
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 3
About This Workshop ( cont’d)
􀁺 For Maintenance people who want to:
• know more on the operation of ramp meters
• Understand how the program basic functions
work
􀁺 For Operations people who need to:
• know more about hardware
• understand the concept and limits of the
program
Page 51
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 4
About This Workshop ( cont’d)
􀁺 Not for Design Engineers
􀁺 Active participation and sharing of
knowledge and experience is highly
encouraged
Page 52
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 5
SATMS- 3
􀁺 2 Versions:
• Interim Version – v. 2.3
• Final Version – v. 3.0
Page 53
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 6
SATMS- 3 Interim version
􀁺 Immediately accommodate SWARM
operation
􀁺 Was installed on I- 210 WB at twenty
ramps on 8/ 13/ 2001
Page 54
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 7
SATMS- 3 Final version
􀁺 Will be put in service – Late January
2002
􀁺 More features as discussed in earlier
brain- storming meetings
􀁺 More enhancements and bugs fixed
􀁺 Will gradually phase in to replace
SATMS and all other versions of
SATMS- C
Page 55
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 8
SATMS- 3 - Enhancements
􀁺 Auto Re- initialization when software
version changes
􀁺 Prevents controller from resetting after
short power- down
􀁺 Reduces to 8 holiday entries
􀁺 New default values with safety
protection range
Page 56
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 9
SATMS- 3 – Enhancements
( cont’d)
􀁺 Maintain SWARM operation for 10
cycles after loss of TMC communication
• Hard coded
• Need higher number of cycles?
Page 57
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 10
New Chip
􀁺 New chip 27256
􀁺 Uses Location DIP
switch on 412C EPROM
board for controller ID
Page 58
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 11
How To Identify
SW Version
􀁺 Power off the controller for longer than 2
seconds
􀁺 Turn the controller back on
􀁺 The software version will be shown on the top
row of the display for couple of seconds
􀁺 Also displayed at memory locations $ 3E0 and
$ 3E1
Page 59
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 12
Base Display & Stop- Time Switch
Page 60
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 13
Front Panel
Display
& L. E. D.
Page 61
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 14
How to Set and Verify Controller
ID
􀁺 Uses Location DIP switch on the front of
the 412C EPROM board
􀁺 Switch settings are in binary
􀁺 Controller ID ( also called Controller
Number) is displayed at location $ 280
Page 62
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 15
SATMS- 3
Controller Number Guide
10 2, 4
9 1, 4
8 4
7 1, 2, 3
6 2, 4
5 1, 3
4 3
3 1, 2
2 2
1 1
Location DIP
Controller Number Switch Settings
20 3, 5
19 1, 2, 5
18 2, 5
17 1, 5
16 5
15 1, 2, 3, 4
14 2, 3, 4
13 1, 3, 4
12 3, 4
11 1, 2, 4
Location DIP
Controller Number Switch Settings
Page 63
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 16
Metering Rate
􀁺 Rate = Total number of Vehicles Per Minute ( VPM)
􀁺 Determined and input into the 170 controller by
different means - Traffic Ops, TMC, ATMS, Local
Mainline Responsive, etc.
􀁺 SATMS- 3 reads the Rate, then calculates the best
possible waiting time, called Cycle Length
􀁺 Actual Rate used is determined once every 30
seconds by the controller, and is stored at address
$ 06B
Page 64
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 17
Rate Hierarchy - 6 Levels
􀁺 Highest Level 1: Field Manual
􀁺 2nd Level : SWARM rate
􀁺 3rd : PSO :
􀁺 4th : CORM ( no longer available)
􀁺 5th : Traffic Responsive Rate
􀁺 6th : T. O. D. Rate
Page 65
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 18
Level 6 – Time- Of- Day Rate
􀁺 This is the “ default” rate for the ramp
􀁺 T. O. D. Rate is entered into the T. O. D.
Table in the controller
Page 66
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 19
Traffic Responsive Metering
􀁺 The basic principle of Traffic
Responsive Metering is to increase the
metering rate as otherwise determined
by T. O. D. rate
􀁺 TR Metering takes place when the
mainline volume and occupancy are
both less than the Critical Volume and
Critical Occupancy
Page 67
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 20
Critical Occupancy
􀁺 Occupancy is the percentage of time a
loop is occupied
􀁺 Critical Occupancy ( CROCC) is a
threshold level input by Traffic Ops at
address $ 088
Page 68
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 21
Critical Volume
􀁺 Critical Volume ( CRVOL) - is defined as
Vehicles per 3 Minutes per Lane. This
value is input at address $ 08A by Traffic
Ops as the maximum volume desired
downstream of the freeway
􀁺 When upstream mainline volume is less
than CRVOL ( provided occupancy is also less
than Critical Occupancy), SATMS- 3 will
generate TRRATE
Page 69
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 22
Level 5 - Traffic Responsive Rate
( TRRATE) or Lane Metering Rate
( LMRATE)
􀁺 If the feature is selected, TRRATE is
calculated every 30 seconds by SATMS
􀁺 TRRATE or LMRATE is displayed at
$ 3D7
Page 70
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 23
TRRATE - Activation
􀁺 Activated only if enabled at $ 0F4, bit2
􀁺 And the calculated TRRATE > TOD
Rate
􀁺 Not activated if TRRATE < T. O. D. Rate
􀁺 Not activated outside T. O. D.
􀁺 Not activated during Holidays
Page 71
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 24
TRRATE Rest- in- Green
􀁺 When TRRATE > Max Rate ( cycle
length , 4.0 seconds): Green Ball or
Rest- in- Green occurs
􀁺 Green Hold ( GRNHLD) at $ 08F is
activated
Page 72
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 25
Level 4 – CORM Rate
􀁺 This is a rate generated and sent out to
170 controllers from the TMC
􀁺 CORM rate is displayed at $ 3D6
􀁺 Default Value = 255 means CORM is
not activated
􀁺 No longer used
Page 73
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 26
Level 3 – PSO Rate ( PMNL)
􀁺 This is a rate generated and sent out to
170 controllers by Traffic Ops engineers
at the TMC
􀁺 PMNL Rate is displayed at $ 3D5
􀁺 Default Value = 255 means PMNL is not
activated
Page 74
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 27
Level 2 – SWARM Rate ( TMNL)
􀁺 System Wide Adaptive Ramp Metering
􀁺 This rate is sent out to 170 Controller
from the TMC by Traffic Ops or ATMS
􀁺 This rate is displayed at $ 3D4
􀁺 Value = 255 means SWARM not in use
Page 75
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 28
SWARM
Communication Disconnected
􀁺 If communication is disconnected during
SWARM operation, SATMS- 3 will
continue to keep SWARM rate for 10
more communication cycles ( 5 minutes)
􀁺 After 5 minutes, SATMS- 3 will revert to
the next lower level available
Page 76
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 29
Level 1 - Field Manual ( FMNL)
􀁺 FMNL is activated by entering a rate at
address $ 090
􀁺 Default value 255: FMNL is not
activated
􀁺 Rate = 0: Turn off metering
􀁺 Rate = 1: Turn meter to Green Ball
Page 77
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 30
Holidays, Flasher, Q1, Q2, Green
Hold … Affect Rates
􀁺 Selected Rate is affected by:
• Holidays
• Flasher
• Queue Override
• Green Hold
Page 78
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 31
Holidays
􀁺 There are 8 holidays that can be
programmed into the RAM Map
􀁺 They are stored at Column A
􀁺 During holidays, TRRATE and TDRATE
do not function
Page 79
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 32
Flashing RED – Stop Rates
􀁺 Flashing RED: stops all type of rates
􀁺 Signal Heads now function as a STOP
sign
􀁺 Flashing RED is set by enter any non-zero
at address $ 091
Page 80
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 33
Q- Overrides - Change Rates
􀁺 Q1
• Can override Rate level 5 and 6 only
• Gradually increases RATE until it reaches Max Rate
• Increment is set at Rate Step ( RATESTP) $ 09F
􀁺 Super Q1
• Same as Q1
• But overrides all rates, except top level – Field Manual
􀁺 Q2
• Overrides all rates, except top level – Field Manual
• Turns meter to Green Ball or “ Rest- in- Green”
Page 81
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 34
Q1 Overrides
… Activation
􀁺 Q1 is activated if :
• Enabled at $ 0F4, bit 3
• Time- Over- Loop ($ 067) is more than the
threshold level ( QTHRS at $ 085) set by
Traffic Ops
􀁺 Super Q1 is activated if :
• Enabled at $ 0F4, bit 4
• Time- Over- Loop ($ 067) is more than the
threshold level ( QTHRS at $ 085)
Page 82
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 35
Q2 Overrides
… Activation
􀁺 Q2 is activated if :
• Enabled at $ 0F4, bit 4
• Time- Over- Loop ($ 3CC) is more than the
threshold level ( Q2THRS at $ 095) set by
Traffic Ops
• Q1 must be already activated*
* Final SATMS- 3 will have provisions for independent Q1
and Q2
Page 83
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 36
Rate Hierarchy with
Q- Overrides
• Highest Level 1: Field Manual
􀂙 Q2 or Super Q1- Override
• 2nd Level : SWARM rate
• 3rd : PSO
• 4th : CORM
􀂙 Q1- Override
• 5th : Traffic Responsive Rate
• 6th : T. O. D. Rate
Page 84
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 37
GREEN HOLD
􀁺 When Rate = 1 vpm, or Rest- in- Green,
SATMS- 3 will display Green for at least
X seconds, called Green Hold
􀁺 GRNHLD is stored at $ 08F
􀁺 Not activated by
• First green
• Last Green
Page 85
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 38
Effective Rate
􀁺 The program updates RATE every 30
seconds
􀁺 The selected RATE is called Effective
Rate
Page 86
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 39
Metering Cycle
􀁺 The program reads the Effective Rate,
then calculates the number of Cycles
per minute
􀁺 A Cycle consists of Green, Red, and
sometimes Yellow
Page 87
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 40
Cycle Length
􀁺 Length of each Cycle ( Cylen) is
displayed at address $ 060
􀁺 Shortest CL is 4.0 sec
􀁺 Longest CL is 20.0 sec
Page 88
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 41
GREEN
􀁺 Green time varies
􀁺 It terminates when Passage Loop is
activated
􀁺 Minimum Green ( MINGRN) at $ 09B
􀁺 Maximum Green ( MXGRNA) at $ 086
Page 89
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 42
RED
􀁺 Red Ball also varies
􀁺 Minimum Red is hard- coded for 2
seconds
Page 90
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 43
Platoon Yellow
􀁺 Yellow is recommended when Metering
Plan calls for more than one vehicle per
cycle per lane
􀁺 This yellow is called Platoon Yellow
( PLTYEL) and is set at $ 082
􀁺 Yellow is bypassed when PLTYEL is
zero
Page 91
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 44
Long Yellow
􀁺 For safety reason, whenever Green
terminates after displayed for more than
7 seconds, Yellow is used automatically
before Red
􀁺 This type of yellow is called Long Yellow
( LNGYEL) and is set at $ 083
Page 92
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 45
Cylen Calculation
60
Cylen = ( ----------------)( # of Lanes)( # of Platoon)
Effective Rate
Cylen = Red + Platoon Yellow + Actual Green
Or
Red = Cylen – Actual Green – Platoon Yellow
Page 93
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 46
Maximum RATE
􀁺 When calculated CL = 4 sec, the Rate is
at maximum value ( Max Rate)
􀁺 When Rate > Max Rate, meter turns to
Green Ball
􀁺 When Rate = 1 vpm, it also means
Green Ball
Page 94
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 47
Minimum RATE
􀁺 When calculated CL = 20 sec, the Rate is at
minimum value ( Min Rate)
􀁺 When Rate < Min Rate, warning will show in
the display
Page 95
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 48
Pre- Timed Red
􀁺 Automatically used if Passage is activated 11
times or more without a Demand call
􀁺 Can also be set manually at bit 5 of $ 0F5 in
cases where there are no demand loops, or
demand loops known for not working
􀁺 Green time used is fixed at Maximum Green
( MXGRN)
􀁺 Yellow used is Platoon Yellow ( PLTYEL)
􀁺 Red = Cylen - MXGRN - PLTYEL
Page 96
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 49
Pre- Timed Green
􀁺 Automatically used if Demand is activated 11
times or more without a Passage call
􀁺 Can also be set manually at bit 6 of $ 0F5 in
cases where there are no passage loops, or
passage loops known for not working
􀁺 Green time used is fixed at Minimum Green
( MINGRN)
􀁺 Yellow used is Platoon Yellow ( PLTYEL)
􀁺 Red = Cylen - MINGRN - PLTYEL
Page 97
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 50
Pre- Timed Red and Green set
Simultaneously
􀁺 When both Pre- Timed Red and Pre-
Timed Green are selected, Pre- Timed
Green will take precedent
Page 98
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 51
Start Up Sequence
􀁺 Meter is off: Black ball
􀁺 First Green ( FIRGR) at $ 080
􀁺 First Yellow ( FYELL) at $ 081
􀁺 Red
Page 99
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 52
Shutdown Sequence
􀁺 Meter is On: Color Ball
􀁺 Last Green ( LASTGR) at $ 092
􀁺 Black Ball
Page 100
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 53
Lock- Up Magnetometer
􀁺 Magnetometers sometimes provide only a ‘ spike’
reading when a vehicle is present
􀁺 Magnetometers also may provide a continuous
reading or ‘ lock up’ high
􀁺 When the physical limitations of freeway connectors or
ramps require the use of magnetometers as Demand
and Passage sensors, SATMS- C and SATMS- 3 can
help solved these two problems
􀁺 By setting bit 5 of COMM1 ($ 0F4)
Page 101
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 54
Device 1 and 2
􀁺 In addition to Signal Heads and the Meter- On sign,
there are Device 1 and Device 2
􀁺 Seldom used for ramp metering. For connector
metering, Device 2 is not currently used, and Device 1
is used as a flashing beacon for W41 sign
􀁺 Device 1 is turned on/ off by setting/ clearing bit 1 of
COMM1, address $ 0F1
􀁺 Device 2 is turned on/ off by setting/ clearing bit 2 of
COMM1, address $ 0F1
Page 102
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 55
Meter- On Sign, Device 1, and 2
Flashing
􀁺 When turned on, they can be made
flashing by setting:
- Bit 1 of $ 0F5 for Device 1
- Bit 2 of $ 0F5 for Device 2
- Bit 3 of $ 0F5 for Meter- On sign
Page 103
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 56
EMS Failure Detection
􀁺 Light bulbs for EMS are continuously
monitored during metering. Shutdown
sequences will start immediately upon
detection of bulb failure
• To monitor Top part of EMS, set bit 7 of $ 0F5
• To monitor Bottom part of EMS, set bit 8 of $ 0F5
􀁺 All entries at $ 0F4 are cleared. The only way
to resume metering is to reprogram $ 0F4
Page 104
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 57
Load Switch Failure
Detection
􀁺 In the absence of 120 VAC to power the EMS,
Shutdown Sequences will start immediately
􀁺 All entries at $ 0F4 are cleared. The only way to
resume metering is to reprogram $ 0F4
􀁺 To activate this feature, just set bit 4 of COMM2
($ 0F5)
􀁺 Make sure this bit is CLEAR for normal ramp
metering.
Page 105
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 58
Local Speeds Reading
􀁺 Estimated speed on Mainline, opposite side, and HOV
Ramp are available:
• $ 357 ; Average 3 Min per lane ( MPH) at Mainline
• $ 358 ; Average 3 Min per lane ( MPH) at Opposite Side
• $ 359 ; Average 3 Min per lane ( MPH) at HOV Ramp
􀁺 Estimate Occupancy can also be read ( in %):
• $ 354 ; Average 1 minute occ mainline in percent (%)
• $ 355 ; Average 1 minute occ opposite side (%)
• $ 356 ; Average 1 minute occ HOV metering lane (%)
Page 106
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 59
More on Queues
􀁺 Q1 ON delay
􀁺 Q1 OFF delay
􀁺 Q2 ON delay
􀁺 Q2 OFF delay
Page 107
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 60
Mainline and Opposite Side
Disablers
􀁺 Tells SATMS which lane( s) to ignore in
determining Local Responsive Rate
􀁺 ML Disablers - $ 0FB ( LNDSML) Bits 1- 6
􀁺 OS Disablers - $ 0FC ( LNDSOS) Bits 1- 6
􀁺 $ 0F6 ( DTCTRA) & $ 0F7 ( DTCTRB) should
show actual detector settings, whether detectors
are good or bad
􀁺 Enter physical number of ML and OS lanes at
$ 093 and $ 094
Page 108
10/ 17/ 2001 SATMS v. 2.3 Workshop 61
Procedure
For Changing to New CHIP
􀁺 Read existing controller ID ( controller number) at $ 280
􀁺 Read & record actual settings:
- T. O. D. Table
- Holiday Table
- Columns 8, 9, and F
􀁺 Power down and install new EPROM board with New CHIP
􀁺 Power up and set ID at DIP switch
􀁺 Verify ID at $ 280
􀁺 Setup real time clock and calendar
􀁺 Setup T. O. D and Holiday Tables
􀁺 Enter values at column 8, 9, and F
􀁺 RESET Watch Dog
Page 109